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| 17597167 | ICE | ICE | 0.3 | Caspase-1 or IL-1_amp_#x3b2 -converting enzyme (ICE), ICE is one of several cystein proteases that cleave the substrate | |  |
| 11173059 | caspase 1 | caspase 1 | 1.0 | nclude evidence of dna fragmentation a biochemical marker of apoptosis the altered expression of mrna for bcl 2 and bax an anti apoptotic and a proapoptotic gene respectively and the demonstration of caspase 1 and caspase 3 activation which are specific intracellular proteases responsible for the execution of the cell death program yoshiyama ; martin and li . | | |
| 11173059 | caspase 1 | caspase 1 | 1.0 | interestingly caspase 1 formerly called interleukin 1_amp_#x3b2; converting enzyme is responsible for the cleavage of mature interleukin 1_amp_#x3b2; from its precursor and interleukin 1_amp_#x3b2; levels are increased in a | | |
| 11796754 | caspase 1 | caspase 1 | 1.0 | es related to an inflammatory process such as the tumor necrosis factor alpha tnf alpha gene resulting from glial cell activation together with the change in apoptosis related gene expression such as caspase 1. | | |
| 12060810 | caspase 1 | caspase 1 | 1.0 | first minocycline inhibits microglial activation caspase 1 and inducible nitric oxide synthetase inos up regulation and decreases infarct size after experimental ischemia in rats _amp_#91; 3 4 _amp_#93;. | | |
| 12060810 | caspase 1 | caspase 1 | 1.0 | second minocycline inhibits caspase 1 and caspase 3 expression decreases inos activity and delays mortality in a transgenic mouse model of huntington_amp_#39;s disease _amp_#91; 5 _amp_#93;. | | |
| 12060810 | caspase 1 | caspase 1 | 1.0 | in these in vivo models minocycline prevented completely the ischemia induced activation of microglia as well as the concomitant induction of caspase 1 and inos. | | |
| 12843244 | caspase 1 | caspase 1 | 1.0 | caspase 11 is a key regulator of caspase 1 and caspase 3 activation under pathological conditions. | | |
| 12843244 | caspase 1 | caspase 1 | 1.0 | the caspase 1 and caspase 3 like activities as well as the level of interleukin 1 beta were significantly reduced in the spinal cord of symptomatic caspase 11 / ;sod1 g93a mice compared with that of caspase 11 +/ | | |
| 12843244 | caspase 1 | caspase 1 | 1.0 | activation of caspase 1 and caspase 3 in the spinal cords of mutant sod1 mice and als patients has been reported previously martin 1999 ; li et al. 2000 ; pasinelli et al. 2000 ; vukosavic et al. 2000 . | | |
| 12843244 | caspase 1 | caspase 1 | 1.0 | moreover inhibition of caspase s with peptide inhibitors or by introducing a dominant negative mutant of caspase 1 delayed the onset and progression of the disease symptoms in g93a sod1 g93a transgenic mice friedlander et al. 1997 ; li et al. 2000 suggesting the importance of caspase mediated apoptosis in the als | | |
| 12843244 | caspase 1 | caspase 1 | 1.0 | the possible involvement of both caspase 1 and caspase 3 in the pathogenesis of als strongly suggested the involvement of caspase 11 in this process because caspase 11 is a key upstream regulator of both caspase 1 and 3 under pathological con | | |
| 12843244 | caspase 1 | caspase 1 | 1.0 | and caspase 3 in the pathogenesis of als strongly suggested the involvement of caspase 11 in this process because caspase 11 is a key upstream regulator of both caspase 1 and 3 under pathological conditions wang et al. 1998 beta il 1 beta maturation and resistant to lipopolysaccharide lps induced septic shock wang et al. 1998 . | | |
| 12843244 | caspase 1 | caspase 1 | 1.0 | in the present study we provide evidence that caspase 11 plays a critical role in caspase 1 and 3 activation during pathogenesis of g93a mice a mouse model of fals gurney et al. 1994 . | | |
| 12843244 | caspase 1 | caspase 1 | 1.0 | caspase 11 regulates caspase 1 and 3 activation in the spinal cords of g93a mice | | |
| 12843244 | caspase 1 | caspase 1 | 1.0 | activation of caspase 1 and caspase 3 in the spinal cord of presymptomatic g93a mice has been reported previously li et al. 2000 ~60 d of age consistent with reports of active caspase 1 being present in the spinal cords of g93a mice li et al. 2000 ; pasinelli et al. 2000 . | | |
| 12843244 | caspase 1 | caspase 1 | 1.0 | furthermore our analysis demonstrated a clear induction of full length caspase 1 expression starting from 60 d of age and continuing to increase as the disease progresses fig 1 a . | | |
| 12843244 | caspase 1 | caspase 1 | 1.0 | however no signs of caspase 1 and 3 activation were detected in the caspase 11 / ; g93a spinal cords data not shown . | | |
| 12843244 | caspase 1 | caspase 1 | 1.0 | these results imply that caspase 11 in addition to caspase 1 and 3 may be involved in regulating inflammatory reaction and/or apoptosis during the disease onset and progression of this mouse model of als. | | |
| 12843244 | caspase 1 | caspase 1 | 1.0 | because the lack of caspase 11 resulted in the significant inhibition of caspase 1 and caspase 3 activation our results suggest that caspase 1 and caspase 3 activation is not crucial for neurodegeneration in this mouse model of als. | | |
| 12843244 | caspase 1 | caspase 1 | 1.0 | our study cannot rule out however that the residual caspase activity in caspase 11 / background sufficient for neurodegeneration and caspases other than caspase 1 and caspase 3 may be involved in mediating neuronal degeneration in g93a mice. | | |
| 12843244 | caspase 1 | caspase 1 | 1.0 | we showed previously that introduction of dominant negative caspase 1 c281g mutant in g93a mice delayed the disease onset and progression friedlander et al. 1997 . | | |
| 12843244 | caspase 1 | caspase 1 | 1.0 | because caspase 1 interacts with caspase 11 wang et al. 1998 this dominant negative mutant of caspase 1 may act by inhibiting caspase 11. | | |
| 12843244 | caspase 1 | caspase 1 | 1.0 | however because the deletion of caspase 11 did not prevent neurodegeneration in the g93a mice it is possible that caspase 1c281g may act by inhibiting caspases other than caspase 1 11 or 3 or by another unknown gain of function process. | | |
| 12843244 | caspase 1 | caspase 1 | 1.0 | upregulation of caspase 11 at the disease onset in g93a mice and reduction of caspase 1 and caspase 3 activation in caspase 11 / ;g93a double mutant mice. | | |
| 12843244 | caspase 1 | caspase 1 | 1.0 | a upregulation of caspase 11 and appearance of active caspase 1 and caspase 3 fragments in the g93a spinal cords. | | |
| 12843244 | caspase 1 | caspase 1 | 1.0 | eighty micrograms of the samples were also immunoblotted with monoclonal anti caspase 1 antibody for detection of full length caspase 1 c1fl and the active form active c1 and with anti active caspase 3 antibody active c3 . *igg h igg heavy chain; *nsp nonspecific. | | |
| 12843244 | caspase 1 | caspase 1 | 1.0 | the caspase 3 caspase 1 and caspase 11 like enzyme activities were measured using fluorogenic substrates acdevd amc devd acyvad amc yvad and acvehd amc vehd respectively in the lysates n = 4; mean _amp_#177; sd . | | |
| 12843244 | caspase 1 | caspase 1 | 1.0 | to examine whether caspase 11 indeed regulates caspase 1 and/or 3 in the spinal cord of g93a mice we crossed caspase 11 / and g93a mice and compared the profiles of caspase activities in the symptomatic day 120 spinal cord lysates of littermate caspase 11 | | |
| 12843244 | caspase 1 | caspase 1 | 1.0 | consistent with the activation of caspase 1 and caspase 3 and the caspase 11 induction profile by immunoblot fig 1 a acyvad amc caspase 1 like acdevd amc caspase 3 like and acvehd amc caspase 11 like cleavage activities thornberry et al. 1997 ; kang et al. 2000 were elevated in the lumbar and thoracic spinal cords of g93a mice fig 1 b | | |
| 12843244 | caspase 1 | caspase 1 | 1.0 | in caspase 11 / ; g93a mice the absence of caspase 11 resulted in a significant reduction of caspase 3 and caspase 1 like activities as well as caspase 11 like activity fig 1 b . | | |
| 12843244 | caspase 1 | caspase 1 | 1.0 | the secretion and maturation of il 1 beta is another downstream indicator of caspase 11 caspase 1 pathway kuida et al. 1995 beta in wild type control caspase 11 +/ ; g93a and caspase 11 / ; g93a mice by elisa fig 1 c . | | |
| 12843244 | caspase 1 | caspase 1 | 1.0 | the evidence of activation of caspase 1 and 3 by caspase 11 in g93a mice prompted us to compare the inflammatory response and cell death in g93a spinal cords in the presence or absence of caspase 11. | | |
| 14739060 | caspase 1 | caspase 1 | 1.0 | the involvement of mitochondria and apoptosis in neuronal death is too revealed by a prolonged period of neuronal caspase activation especially caspase 1 [ 17 ]. | | |
| 14739060 | caspase 1 | caspase 1 | 1.0 | ice [ 46 and 63 ] revealed an up regulation of gene related to an inflammatory process such as tnf_amp_#x3b1; gene resulting in glial activation together with change in apoptosis related gene such as caspase 1. | | |
| 15571972 | caspase 1 | caspase 1 | 1.0 | accordingly several studies showed that minocycline reduces the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and subsequent nitric oxide production as well as caspase 1 activity/expression and thereby prevents the formation of interleukin 1_amp_#x3b2; amin et al. 1996 ; chen et al. 2000 _amp_#x2014;5 mg/kg/d i.p.; du et al. 2001 _amp_#x2014;60 to 120 mg/kg p.o.; yrj | | |
| 15649489 | caspase 1 | caspase 1 | 1.0 | transcription profiling of the spinal cords of mice with g93a sod1 mutations showed up regulation of tumor necrosis factor cd68 and caspase 1 mrna at 11 weeks of age prior to motor neuron death yoshihara et al. 2002 . | | |
| 17597167 | caspase 1 | caspase 1 | 1.0 | the induction sequence showed that the proinflammatory cytokine il 1_amp_#x3b2; preceded both the antiinflammatory il 1ra and the synthesising enzyme caspase 1 see [41] . | | |
| 17597167 | caspase 1 | caspase 1 | 1.0 | caspase 1 or il 1_amp_#x3b2; converting enzyme ice is one of several cystein proteases that cleave the substrate at an aspartate_amp_#x2013;alanine site see [1] . | | |
| 17597167 | caspase 1 | caspase 1 | 1.0 | caspases have in common to exert apoptotic activity and caspase 1 was shown to be the mammalian homologue of ced 3 in the nematode caenorhabditis elegans [43] . | | |
| 17597167 | caspase 1 | caspase 1 | 1.0 | inhibition of caspase 1 activity was shown to prevent apoptotic cell death of cultured neurons [44] . | | |
| 17597167 | caspase 1 | caspase 1 | 1.0 | in addition to its inducible production in microglia see [41] caspase 1 is found constitutively in arcuate neurons see fig 2 co localised with _amp_#x3b1; melanocyte stimulating hormone _amp_#x3b1; msh [45] whereas both il 1ra and il 1ri were found to be expressed in vas | | |
| 17597167 | caspase 1 | caspase 1 | 1.0 | fig. 2._amp_#xa0;micrographs of sections of the rat hypothalamus after incubation with antibodies to the p10 subunit of caspase 1 showing immunoreactive nerve cell bodies in the arcuate nucleus arrows on some neurons in a . | | |
| 17597167 | caspase 1 | caspase 1 | 1.0 | a dense network of varicose nerve fibres with caspase 1 immunoreactivity can be seen in the dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus and less dense networks are seen in the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus and the posterior hypothalamic area b . 3v = third ventr | | |