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9562310 ( ) |
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| Title | Cerebrospinal fluid interleukin 6 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: immunological parameter and comparison with inflammatory and non-inflammatory central nervous system diseases. |
| Abstract | We assayed IL-6 in 105 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from patients with ALS, MS, HTLV-1 associated myelopathy (HAM), and controls. There was considerable overlap in IL-6 levels in all patient groups. The mean IL-6 in 27 patients with ALS was significantly higher than in 21 patients in the other neurological disease (OND) group (P=0.0075). There were no significant differences in MS or HAM and the OND control group. Overall, CSF IL-6 correlated with protein concentration but not with percentage IgG or IgG-albumin index. Patients with CSF oligoclonal bands were no more likely to have detectable IL-6 than patients without oligoclonal bands. Similarly, IL-6 did not correlate with clinical disease activity in MS when subgroups of patients were compared or when an individual patient was followed over time. The elevated IL-6 in ALS may reflect an ongoing humoral immune response, or IL-6 may be non-specifically expressed in these patients as a putative neurotrophic factor in response to nerve cell degeneration. Japan. |
NOTE: Color highlight is limited to the abstract and SciMiner text-mining mode. If you see much more identified targets below from "Targets by SciMiner Summary" and "Targets by SciMiner Full list", they may have been identified from the full text.
Targets by SciMiner Summary
| HUGO ID | Symbol | Target Name | #Occur | ActualStr |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | 129 | IL-6 | il 6 | interleukin 6 | |
| 399 | ALB | albumin | 4 | albumin | serum albumin | |
| 6001 | IL2 | interleukin 2 | 2 | il 2 | IL-2 | |
| 11892 | TNF | tumor necrosis factor (TNF superfamily, member 2) | 2 | TNF- | |
| 5992 | IL1B | interleukin 1, beta | 2 | IL-1 | il 1 | |
| 727 | ARTN | artemin | 1 | neurotrophic factor | |
Targets by SciMiner Full list
| HUGO ID | Symbol | Name | ActualStr | Score | FlankingText |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | We assayed IL-6 in 105 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) CSF samples from patients with |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | There was considerable overlap in IL-6 levels in all patient groups |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | The mean IL-6 in 27 patients with ALS was significantly higher than in |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | Overall CSF IL-6 correlated with protein concentration but not with percentage IgG or |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | CSF oligoclonal bands were no more likely to have detectable IL-6 than patients without oligoclonal bands |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | Similarly IL-6 did not correlate with clinical disease activity in MS when |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | The elevated IL-6 in ALS may reflect an ongoing humoral immune response or |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | in ALS may reflect an ongoing humoral immune response or IL-6 may be non-specifically expressed in these patients as a putative |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | IL-6 is a B cell differentiation factor that was first described |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) CSF levels of IL-6 are consistently elevated in herpes simplex virus encephalitis and other |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | IL-6 was detected in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis CSF ( Gijbels et |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | central nervous system involvement ( Hirohata and Miyamoto 1990 but IL-6 was not detected in multiple sclerosis (MS) MS ( Houssiau |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | Reports of IL-6 in non-inflammatory CNS disease prompted the present study of CSF |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | found a higher frequency of detection and higher levels of IL-6 in ALS than in the other neurological disease control group |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | In contrast there was no significant difference in CSF IL-6 in either MS or HAM patients compared to other neurological |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | and there was no correlation of CSF immune parameters and IL-6 levels |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | These results are consistent with the hypothesis that CSF IL-6 in ALS has an non-immune origin occurring as a neurotrophic |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | The IL-6 dependent hybridoma cell line MH6OBSF2 ( Matsuda et al. 1988 |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | Without IL-6 in the media no viable cells remained in this subclone |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | IL-6 was quantitated by reference to a dose calibration curve of |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | by reference to a dose calibration curve of recombinant human IL-6 (kindly kindly supplied by Drs Hirano and Kishimoto assayed with |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | CSF IL-6 values were expressed as log 1 0 pg/ml pg ml |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | The sensitivity of IL-6 detection was determined to be 1.6 pg/ml pg ml |
| 5992 | IL1B | interleukin 1, beta | IL-1 | 1.3 | showing no mitogenic response with other recombinant human cytokines (IL-1 IL-1 IL-1_amp_#x3b2 IL-2 TNF and abrogating the IL-6 effect by anti-IL-6 |
| 6001 | IL2 | interleukin 2 | IL-2 | 1.3 | mitogenic response with other recombinant human cytokines (IL-1 IL-1 IL-1_amp_#x3b2 IL-2 TNF and abrogating the IL-6 effect by anti-IL-6 polyclonal antibody |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | human cytokines (IL-1 IL-1 IL-1_amp_#x3b2 IL-2 TNF and abrogating the IL-6 effect by anti-IL-6 polyclonal antibody (Genzyme, Genzyme Boston MA |
| 11892 | TNF | tumor necrosis factor (TNF superfamily, member 2) | TNF | 0.2 | response with other recombinant human cytokines (IL-1 IL-1 IL-1_amp_#x3b2 IL-2 TNF and abrogating the IL-6 effect by anti-IL-6 polyclonal antibody (Genzyme, |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | boundary of detectability of 1.6 pg/ml pg ml for the IL-6 assay (or or log 1 0 IL-6 of 0.2 non-parametric |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | ml for the IL-6 assay (or or log 1 0 IL-6 of 0.2 non-parametric techniques were used |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | As shown in Fig 1 there was considerable overlap in IL-6 levels in all patient groups |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | Table 2 shows IL-6 detection in 78% of 27 patients with ALS (median median |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | of 27 patients with ALS (median median log 1 0 IL-6 of 1.01 55% of 20 patients with MS (median median |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | non-parametric Wilcoxon rank-sum test showed a significant difference in CSF IL-6 between the ALS and OND group ( P =0.0075 but |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | MS and HAM groups all had statistically significant higher mean IL-6 levels than the non-neurological disease control P _amp_#x3c 0.0001 for |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | The greatest CSF IL-6 level in the ALS group (log log 1 0 IL-6 |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | IL-6 level in the ALS group (log log 1 0 IL-6 of 2.55 was a sample from the National Neurological Research |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | Although these results failed to show a higher mean IL-6 level in patients with recognized immune-mediated CNS disease (MS MS |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | To determine if IL-6 varies with the activity of immune-mediated disease data from the |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | results in Fig 2 show no significant difference in CSF IL-6 levels with 7 of 12 patients in relapse having detectable |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | levels with 7 of 12 patients in relapse having detectable IL-6 compared to 4 of 8 patients with MS in remission |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | consistent with fluctuating immune-mediated activity in the CNS the CSF IL-6 levels remained at undetectable levels in all four spinal taps |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | To evaluate further any correlation of CSF IL-6 with the extent of immune-mediated activity in the CNS CSF |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | CSF parameters were compared in patients with and without detectable IL-6 |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | a significantly higher total IgG in MS patients with detectable IL-6 levels (not not shown but this correlation was not seen |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | percent IgG was higher in the ALS group with detectable IL-6 but not in the combined patient group (not not shown |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | total CSF protein was significantly higher in patients with detectable IL-6 |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | in Table 3 mean CSF protein in patients with detectable IL-6 was 49.0_amp_#xb1 3.8 compared to 33.2_amp_#xb1 3.0 in patients with |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | 49.0_amp_#xb1 3.8 compared to 33.2_amp_#xb1 3.0 in patients with undetectable IL-6 ( P _amp_#x3c 0.01 |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | Fig 4 shows CSF IL-6 levels in 35 patients with MS or HAM who had |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | Although the IL-6 level was slightly higher in patients without oligoclonal bands and |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | in patients without oligoclonal bands and the percentage of detectable IL-6 was higher (67% 67% versus 43% these differences were not |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | We found a modest but statistically significant elevation of CSF IL-6 in ALS patients ( Fig 1 |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | studies a similar percentage of ALS patients had undetectable CSF IL-6 (6/27 6 27 versus 2/15); 2 15 but 37% of |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | versus 2/15); 2 15 but 37% of our patients had IL-6 levels greater than 10 pg/ml pg ml compared to only |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | The IL-6 levels in ALS CSF (less less than 0.96 log 10 |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | Nevertheless the modest IL-6 elevation noted here may be related to an ongoing humoral |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | Serum IL-6 was not measured in ALS but prior studies have shown |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | not measured in ALS but prior studies have shown that IL-6 can concentrate in the CSF compartment (e.g e.g during active |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | IL-6 along with TNF- has been reported to be highly expressed |
| 11892 | TNF | tumor necrosis factor (TNF superfamily, member 2) | TNF- | 0.0 | IL-6 along with TNF- has been reported to be highly expressed in perivascular inflammatory |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | expression we did not find a statistically significant elevation of IL-6 in MS CSF |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | Moreover we were unable to document an increase in IL-6 during active disease both within a group of MS patients |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | et al. 1990 and Maimone et al. 1991 to correlate IL-6 and CSF parameters of immune mediated disease including percentage IgG |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | in the MS and HAM patients suggests either (I) I IL-6 does not play a major role in these disease or |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | major role in these disease or (II) II detection of IL-6 is unreliable in the CSF of immune-mediated CNS parenchymal disease |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | immune-mediated CNS parenchymal disease (because because of instability or because IL-6 from brain in these disease does not enter the CSF |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | It is possible that the IL-6 elevation in ALS is of non-immune origin |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | IL-6 has been shown to induce neuronal differentiation ( Satoh et |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | Moreover IL-6 has been shown to increase in brain in response to |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | We speculate that IL-6 may be produced by astrocytes or microglial cells in ALS |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | This non-specific effect may explain the slightly higher levels of IL-6 in OND controls compared to non-neurological disease controls |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | helpful to distinguish an immune versus a non-immune origin of IL-6 |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | CSF IL-6 levels in ALS MS (including including relapsing remitting and stable |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | CSF IL-6 levels in MS patients with either relapsing or remitting/stable remitting |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.3 | CSF IL-6 levels in MS or HAM patients that either have (OCB+) |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | we assayed il 6 in 105 cerebrospinal fluid csf samples from patients with als ms htlv 1 associated myelopathy ham and controls. |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | there was considerable overlap in il 6 levels in all patient groups. |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | the mean il 6 in 27 patients with als was significantly higher than in 21 patients in the other neurological disease ond group p=0.0075 . |
| 399 | ALB | albumin | albumin | 1.0 | overall csf il 6 correlated with protein concentration but not with percentage igg or igg albumin index. |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | overall csf il 6 correlated with protein concentration but not with percentage igg or igg albumin index. |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | patients with csf oligoclonal bands were no more likely to have detectable il 6 than patients without oligoclonal bands. |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | similarly il 6 did not correlate with clinical disease activity in ms when subgroups of patients were compared or when an individual patient was followed over time. |
| 727 | ARTN | artemin | neurotrophic factor | 1.0 | the elevated il 6 in als may reflect an ongoing humoral immune response or il 6 may be non specifically expressed in these patients as a putative neurotrophic factor in response to nerve cell degeneration. |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | the elevated il 6 in als may reflect an ongoing humoral immune response or il 6 may be non specifically expressed in these patients as a putative neurotrophic factor in response to nerve cell degeneration. |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | il 6 is a b cell differentiation factor that was first described by hirano et al. |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | cerebrospinal fluid csf levels of il 6 are consistently elevated in herpes simplex virus encephalitis and other bacterial and viral cns infections houssiau et al. 1988 and frei et al. 1988 . |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | il 6 was detected in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis csf gijbels et al. 1990 and systemic lupus erythematosus with central nervous system involvement hirohata and miyamoto 1990 but il 6 was not detected in multiple sclerosis ms houssiau et al. 1988 ; frei et al. 1988 and araga et al. 1991 or detected no more frequently than in neurological disease controls hauser et al. 1990 . |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | reports of il 6 in non inflammatory cns disease prompted the present study of csf in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis als . |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | we found a higher frequency of detection and higher levels of il 6 in als than in the other neurological disease control group. |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | in contrast there was no significant difference in csf il 6 in either ms or ham patients compared to other neurological disease controls and there was no correlation of csf immune parameters and il 6 levels. |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | these results are consistent with the hypothesis that csf il 6 in als has an non immune origin occurring as a neurotrophic response to nerve cell damage. |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | the il 6 dependent hybridoma cell line mh6obsf2 matsuda et al. 1988 was cloned four times. |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | without il 6 in the media no viable cells remained in this subclone by 72 h of culture. |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | il 6 was quantitated by reference to a dose calibration curve of recombinant human il 6 kindly supplied by drs hirano and kishimoto assayed with mh6obsf2 cells under the same conditions as the csf samples. |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | csf il 6 values were expressed as log 1 0 pg/ml. |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | the sensitivity of il 6 detection was determined to be 1.6 pg/ml. |
| 5992 | IL1B | interleukin 1, beta | il 1 | 1.0 | specificity of the assay was confirmed by showing no mitogenic response with other recombinant human cytokines il 1 il 1_amp_#x3b2; il 2 tnf and abrogating the il 6 effect by anti il 6 polyclonal antibody genzyme boston ma . |
| 6001 | IL2 | interleukin 2 | il 2 | 1.0 | specificity of the assay was confirmed by showing no mitogenic response with other recombinant human cytokines il 1 il 1_amp_#x3b2; il 2 tnf and abrogating the il 6 effect by anti il 6 polyclonal antibody genzyme boston ma . |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | specificity of the assay was confirmed by showing no mitogenic response with other recombinant human cytokines il 1 il 1_amp_#x3b2; il 2 tnf and abrogating the il 6 effect by anti il 6 polyclonal antibody genzyme boston ma . |
| 399 | ALB | albumin | albumin | 1.0 | igg and albumin in sera and csf were measured by electro immunoassay tibbling et al. 1977 . |
| 399 | ALB | albumin | serum albumin | 1.0 | igg index was determined by the quotient csf igg/serum igg divided by the quotient csf albumin/serum albumin. |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | because of the lower boundary of detectability of 1.6 pg/ml for the il 6 assay or log 1 0 il 6 of 0.2 non parametric techniques were used. |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | as shown in fig. 1 there was considerable overlap in il 6 levels in all patient groups. |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | table 2 shows il 6 detection in 78% of 27 patients with als median log 1 0 il 6 of 1.01 55% of 20 patients with ms median 0.94 59% of 17 patients with ham median 0.905 48% of 21 patients with other neurological diseases median 0.825 and 25% of the non neurological disease contro |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | analysis by the non parametric wilcoxon rank sum test showed a significant difference in csf il 6 between the als and ond group p =0.0075 but no significant difference between ms and ond p =0.55 or ham and the ond group p =0.47 . |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | the als ms and ham groups all had statistically significant higher mean il 6 levels than the non neurological disease control: p _amp_#x3c;0.0001 for the als group p =0.03 for the ms group and p =0.03 for the ham group. |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | the greatest csf il 6 level in the als group log 1 0 il 6 of 2.55 was a sample from the national neurological research bank. |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | although these results failed to show a higher mean il 6 level in patients with recognized immune mediated cns disease ms and ham groups this failure may be because of the relatively small number of patients in these groups. |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | to determine if il 6 varies with the activity of immune mediated disease data from the ms patients were analyzed depending on whether the disease was in clinical relapse or was stable or in remission. |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | the results in fig. 2 show no significant difference in csf il 6 levels with 7 of 12 patients in relapse having detectable il 6 compared to 4 of 8 patients with ms in remission or with stable disease. |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | despite these csf changes consistent with fluctuating immune mediated activity in the cns the csf il 6 levels remained at undetectable levels in all four spinal taps. |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | to evaluate further any correlation of csf il 6 with the extent of immune mediated activity in the cns csf parameters were compared in patients with and without detectable il 6. |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | there was a significantly higher total igg in ms patients with detectable il 6 levels not shown but this correlation was not seen in any of the other patient groups and did not hold when data were combined for all four groups. |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | similarly the percent igg was higher in the als group with detectable il 6 but not in the combined patient group not shown . |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | only total csf protein was significantly higher in patients with detectable il 6. |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | as shown in table 3 ; mean csf protein in patients with detectable il 6 was 49.0_amp_#xb1;3.8 compared to 33.2_amp_#xb1;3.0 in patients with undetectable il 6 p _amp_#x3c;0.01 . |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | fig. 4 shows csf il 6 levels in 35 patients with ms or ham who had either oligoclonal bands in the csf 14 patients or did not have oligoclonal bands 21 patients . |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | although the il 6 level was slightly higher in patients without oligoclonal bands and the percentage of detectable il 6 was higher 67% versus 43% these differences were not statistically significant. |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | we found a modest but statistically significant elevation of csf il 6 in als patients fig 1 . |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | in comparing these studies a similar percentage of als patients had undetectable csf il 6 6/27 versus 2/15 ; but 37% of our patients had il 6 levels greater than 10 pg/ml compared to only 7% in the published study. |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | the il 6 levels in als csf less than 0.96 log 10 pg/ml were considerably lower than levels we detected in 8 patients with herpes simplex encephalitis 1.76 log 1 0 pg/ml sekizawa unpublished . |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | nevertheless the modest il 6 elevation noted here may be related to an ongoing humoral immune response in some patients with als. |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | serum il 6 was not measured in als but prior studies have shown that il 6 can concentrate in the csf compartment e.g during active cns systemic lupus erythematosus hirohata and miyamoto 1990 . |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | il 6 along with tnf has been reported to be highly expressed in perivascular inflammatory cells around ms demyelinating plaques woodroofe and cuzner 1993 . |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | in spite of this expression we did not find a statistically significant elevation of il 6 in ms csf. |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | moreover we were unable to document an increase in il 6 during active disease both within a group of ms patients fig 2 and in a single patient followed over time fig 3 . |
| 399 | ALB | albumin | albumin | 1.0 | and the inability of others araga et al. 1991 ; laurenzi et al. 1990 and maimone et al. 1991 to correlate il 6 and csf parameters of immune mediated disease including percentage igg and elevated igg albumin index table 3 . |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | however inaccuracies in detecting active disease do not explain our inability and the inability of others araga et al. 1991 ; laurenzi et al. 1990 and maimone et al. 1991 to correlate il 6 and csf parameters of immune mediated disease including percentage igg and elevated igg albumin index table 3 . |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | the overall results in the ms and ham patients suggests either: i il 6 does not play a major role in these disease; or ii detection of il 6 is unreliable in the csf of immune mediated cns parenchymal disease because of instability or because il 6 from brain in these disease does not enter the csf compartment . |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | is unreliable in the csf of immune mediated cns parenchymal disease because of instability or because il 6 from brain in these disease does not enter the csf compartment . |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | it is possible that the il 6 elevation in als is of non immune origin. |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | il 6 has been shown to induce neuronal differentiation satoh et al. 1988 and play a neurotrophic role hama et al. 1989 in tissue culture systems. |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | moreover il 6 has been shown to increase in brain in response to injury woodroofe et al. 1991 . |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | we speculate that il 6 may be produced by astrocytes or microglial cells in als as a non specific response to degeneration of motor neurons or other cns cells. |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | this non specific effect may explain the slightly higher levels of il 6 in ond controls compared to non neurological disease controls. |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | future studies of multiple cytokine expression in als and other neurological disease would be helpful to distinguish an immune versus a non immune origin of il 6. |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | csf il 6 levels in als ms including relapsing remitting and stable disease ham ond and non neurological disease control control groups with bars indicating the mean_amp_#xb1;standard error of the mean in each |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | csf il 6 levels in ms patients with either relapsing or remitting/stable disease with bars indicating the mean_amp_#xb1;standard error of the mean in the two patient groups. |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | csf il 6 levels in ms or ham patients that either have ocb+ or do not have ocb_amp_#x2212; oligoclonal bands in the csf. |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | interleukin 6 | 1.0 | interleukin 6| |