)| PMID |
18539342 ( ) |
|---|---|
| Title | Involvement of the choroid plexus in multiple sclerosis autoimmune inflammation: A neuropathological study. |
| Abstract | An immunological function has been proposed for the choroid plexus (CP). In multiple sclerosis (MS) brains, CPs show (immunohistochemistry to HLA-DR, CD3, CD20, CD68, VCAM-1, CD138) T lymphocytes in vessels and stroma, VCAM-1 expression on endothelia, intense HLA-DR immunostaining on cells in CP stroma, among CP epithelium and on epiplexus cells. CPs in control or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis brains do not show such inflammatory changes. Intense CP inflammation is observed in viral encephalitis. Changes in MS CPs suggest persisting immune activation, with intensity similar to acute encephalitis, even in MS phases in which neurodegeneration prevails. In MS, CPs could represent a site for lymphocyte entry in the CSF and for CSF antigens presentation. |
NOTE: Color highlight is limited to the abstract and SciMiner text-mining mode. If you see much more identified targets below from "Targets by SciMiner Summary" and "Targets by SciMiner Full list", they may have been identified from the full text.
Targets by SciMiner Summary
| HUGO ID | Symbol | Target Name | #Occur | ActualStr |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1693 | CD68 | CD68 molecule | 39 | CD68 | |
| 12663 | VCAM1 | vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 | 17 | VCAM-1 | |
| 10658 | SDC1 | syndecan 1 | 8 | CD138-positive | |
| 7315 | MS4A1 | membrane-spanning 4-domains, subfamily A, member 1 | 6 | CD20 | |
| 6925 | MBP | myelin basic protein | 4 | myelin basic protein | MBP | |
| 1706 | CD8A | CD8a molecule | 1 | CD8 | |
| 7873 | NOS2A | nitric oxide synthase 2A (inducible, hepatocytes) | 1 | nitric oxide synthase | |
| 2295 | CP | ceruloplasmin (ferroxidase) | 1 | cp 2 | |
| 5438 | IFNG | interferon, gamma | 1 | IFN | |
| 1678 | CD4 | CD4 molecule | 1 | CD4 | |
Targets by SciMiner Full list
| HUGO ID | Symbol | Name | ActualStr | Score | FlankingText |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7315 | MS4A1 | membrane-spanning 4-domains, subfamily A, member 1 | CD20 | 1.0 | (MS) MS brains CPs show (immunohistochemistry immunohistochemistry to HLA-DR CD3 CD20 CD68 VCAM-1 CD138 T lymphocytes in vessels and stroma VCAM-1 |
| 1693 | CD68 | CD68 molecule | CD68 | 0.6 | MS brains CPs show (immunohistochemistry immunohistochemistry to HLA-DR CD3 CD20 CD68 VCAM-1 CD138 T lymphocytes in vessels and stroma VCAM-1 expression |
| 12663 | VCAM1 | vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 | VCAM-1 | 0.9 | brains CPs show (immunohistochemistry immunohistochemistry to HLA-DR CD3 CD20 CD68 VCAM-1 CD138 T lymphocytes in vessels and stroma VCAM-1 expression on |
| 10658 | SDC1 | syndecan 1 | CD138 | 1.0 | CPs show (immunohistochemistry immunohistochemistry to HLA-DR CD3 CD20 CD68 VCAM-1 CD138 T lymphocytes in vessels and stroma VCAM-1 expression on endothelia |
| 12663 | VCAM1 | vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 | VCAM-1 | 0.9 | CD20 CD68 VCAM-1 CD138 T lymphocytes in vessels and stroma VCAM-1 expression on endothelia intense HLA-DR immunostaining on cells in CP |
| 6925 | MBP | myelin basic protein | MBP | 1.9 | demyelinating lesions in previous studies using myelin basic protein (MBP) MBP immunostaining ( Vercellino et al. 2005 and Vercellino et al. |
| 6925 | MBP | myelin basic protein | MBP | 1.9 | section where the CP tissue blocks had been obtained using MBP immunostaining |
| 6925 | MBP | myelin basic protein | MBP | 1.9 | MBP immunostaining was performed on the coronal and NAWM sections |
| 7315 | MS4A1 | membrane-spanning 4-domains, subfamily A, member 1 | CD20 | 1.0 | 5_amp_#xa0 _amp_#x3bc m-thick consecutive sections with antibodies to HLA-DR CD3 CD20 CD68 VCAM-1 and CD138 |
| 1693 | CD68 | CD68 molecule | CD68 | 0.6 | _amp_#x3bc m-thick consecutive sections with antibodies to HLA-DR CD3 CD20 CD68 VCAM-1 and CD138 |
| 12663 | VCAM1 | vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 | VCAM-1 | 0.9 | m-thick consecutive sections with antibodies to HLA-DR CD3 CD20 CD68 VCAM-1 and CD138 |
| 10658 | SDC1 | syndecan 1 | CD138 | 1.0 | sections with antibodies to HLA-DR CD3 CD20 CD68 VCAM-1 and CD138 |
| 1693 | CD68 | CD68 molecule | CD68 | 0.6 | On NAWM tissue blocks only antibodies to HLA-DR and CD68 were used |
| 1693 | CD68 | CD68 molecule | CD68 | 0.6 | Double immunostaining was performed with antibodies to HLA-DR and CD68 in order to identify a possible colocalization of these antigens |
| 1693 | CD68 | CD68 molecule | CD68 | 0.6 | First peroxidase labeling for CD68 was visualized with 10% 3 3-diaminobenzidine then immunohistochemistry for HLA-DR |
| 1693 | CD68 | CD68 molecule | CD68 | 0.6 | study ( Kutzelnigg et al. 2005 based on HLA-DR and CD68 immunostaining presence of microglia nodules and presence of perivascular inflammatory |
| 7315 | MS4A1 | membrane-spanning 4-domains, subfamily A, member 1 | CD20 | 1.0 | Immunostaining for HLA-DR CD3 CD20 CD68 VCAM-1 and CD138 in the CP was evaluated on |
| 1693 | CD68 | CD68 molecule | CD68 | 0.6 | Immunostaining for HLA-DR CD3 CD20 CD68 VCAM-1 and CD138 in the CP was evaluated on a |
| 12663 | VCAM1 | vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 | VCAM-1 | 0.9 | Immunostaining for HLA-DR CD3 CD20 CD68 VCAM-1 and CD138 in the CP was evaluated on a semiquantitative |
| 10658 | SDC1 | syndecan 1 | CD138 | 1.0 | Immunostaining for HLA-DR CD3 CD20 CD68 VCAM-1 and CD138 in the CP was evaluated on a semiquantitative basis scoring |
| 1693 | CD68 | CD68 molecule | CD68 | 0.6 | CD68 |
| 1693 | CD68 | CD68 molecule | CD68 | 0.6 | In MS CP CD68 staining was observed mainly on round or oval cells located |
| 1693 | CD68 | CD68 molecule | CD68 | 0.6 | Several epiplexus cells were also stained with CD68 |
| 1693 | CD68 | CD68 molecule | CD68 | 0.6 | CD68 staining pattern in acute viral encephalitis was similar to that |
| 1693 | CD68 | CD68 molecule | CD68 | 0.6 | Only very rare CD68 stained cells were observed in the CP in ALS or |
| 1693 | CD68 | CD68 molecule | CD68 | 0.6 | HLA-DR/CD68 HLA-DR CD68 double immunostaining |
| 1693 | CD68 | CD68 molecule | CD68 | 0.6 | Double immunohistochemistry for HLA-DR and CD68 showed a colocalization of HLA-DR on most CD68 positive cells |
| 1693 | CD68 | CD68 molecule | CD68 | 0.6 | HLA-DR and CD68 showed a colocalization of HLA-DR on most CD68 positive cells ( Fig 2 E and F either in |
| 1693 | CD68 | CD68 molecule | CD68 | 0.6 | cells inside the blood vessels which were only stained with CD68 |
| 1693 | CD68 | CD68 molecule | CD68 | 0.6 | observed in the CP stroma which expressed HLA-DR but not CD68 ( Fig 2 G and H |
| 1693 | CD68 | CD68 molecule | CD68 | 0.6 | These HLA-DR positive/CD68 positive CD68 negative cells often showed a perivascular location |
| 1693 | CD68 | CD68 molecule | CD68 | 0.6 | In viral encephalitis HLA-DR colocalized almost always with CD68 unlike in MS only very few cells in the CP |
| 1693 | CD68 | CD68 molecule | CD68 | 0.6 | few cells in the CP stroma were HLA-DR positive/CD68 positive CD68 negative ( Fig 3 A and B |
| 7315 | MS4A1 | membrane-spanning 4-domains, subfamily A, member 1 | CD20 | 1.0 | CD20 |
| 7315 | MS4A1 | membrane-spanning 4-domains, subfamily A, member 1 | CD20 | 1.0 | No CD20 positive B cell was observed in the CP in any |
| 12663 | VCAM1 | vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 | VCAM-1 | 0.9 | VCAM-1 |
| 12663 | VCAM1 | vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 | VCAM-1 | 0.9 | Endothelial VCAM-1 immunostaining was observed in most of the CP vessels in |
| 12663 | VCAM1 | vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 | VCAM-1 | 0.9 | VCAM-1 staining pattern in acute viral encephalitis was similar to that |
| 12663 | VCAM1 | vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 | VCAM-1 | 0.9 | No VCAM-1 immunostaining was detected in the CP in ALS brains and |
| 10658 | SDC1 | syndecan 1 | CD138 | 1.0 | CD138 |
| 10658 | SDC1 | syndecan 1 | CD138 | 1.0 | Very rare CD138 stained plasma cells were observed in the CP in 3 |
| 10658 | SDC1 | syndecan 1 | CD138 | 1.0 | No CD138 stained cells were observed in encephalitis ALS and control brains |
| 1693 | CD68 | CD68 molecule | CD68 | 0.6 | cells in MS CP in this study showed colocalization with CD68 in double immunostaining |
| 1693 | CD68 | CD68 molecule | CD68 | 0.6 | These HLA-DR positive/CD68 positive CD68 positive cells might presumably be identified as macrophages |
| 1693 | CD68 | CD68 molecule | CD68 | 0.6 | the CP stroma in MS brains were HLA-DR positive/CD68 positive CD68 negative these might be hypothesized to be dendritic cells as |
| 1693 | CD68 | CD68 molecule | CD68 | 0.6 | material the exact nature and role of HLA-DR positive/CD68 positive CD68 negative cells in MS CP stroma still remain to be |
| 1693 | CD68 | CD68 molecule | CD68 | 0.6 | HLA-DR positive/CD68 positive CD68 negative cells in the CP stroma were only very rarely |
| 1693 | CD68 | CD68 molecule | CD68 | 0.6 | in this study by the colocalization of the macrophage marker CD68 |
| 5438 | IFNG | interferon, gamma | IFN | 0.3 | Epiplexus cells have been shown to respond to LPS or IFN gamma injection blast injury and other stimuli with ultrastructural modifications |
| 1693 | CD68 | CD68 molecule | CD68 | 0.6 | this cell population also expressed the monocyte/macrophage monocyte macrophage marker CD68 but not CD3 or CD20 |
| 7315 | MS4A1 | membrane-spanning 4-domains, subfamily A, member 1 | CD20 | 1.0 | the monocyte/macrophage monocyte macrophage marker CD68 but not CD3 or CD20 |
| 10658 | SDC1 | syndecan 1 | CD138-positive | 1.0 | Very rare CD138-positive plasma cells were observed in the stroma of the CP |
| 12663 | VCAM1 | vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 | VCAM-1 | 0.9 | In MS cases immunostaining for the vascular adhesion molecule VCAM-1 was observed on endothelial cells in most of the CP |
| 12663 | VCAM1 | vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 | VCAM-1 | 0.9 | We confirm the lack of VCAM-1 expression on the CP vessels in normal control brains as |
| 12663 | VCAM1 | vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 | VCAM-1 | 0.9 | No VCAM-1 immunostaining was observed on the CP epithelial cells differently from |
| 12663 | VCAM1 | vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 | VCAM-1 | 0.9 | The expression of VCAM-1 on the CP vessels together with the presence of rare |
| 1678 | CD4 | CD4 molecule | CD4 | 0.6 | MS CSF include increased percentage of T cells higher CD4/CD8 CD4 CD8 ratio ( Oreja-Guevara et al. 1998 increased number of |
| 1706 | CD8A | CD8a molecule | CD8 | 0.3 | CSF include increased percentage of T cells higher CD4/CD8 CD4 CD8 ratio ( Oreja-Guevara et al. 1998 increased number of T |
| 12663 | VCAM1 | vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 | VCAM-1 | 0.9 | The importance of VCAM-1 in this route of lymphocyte entry in the CSF is |
| 12663 | VCAM1 | vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 | VCAM-1 | 0.9 | observations that therapy with natalizumab a monoclonal antibody against the VCAM-1 ligand VLA-4 determines a considerable reduction of the number of |
| 1693 | CD68 | CD68 molecule | CD68 | 0.6 | 2._amp_#xa0 A CD68 immunostaining in MS CP (40X, 40X scale bar = 25_amp_#xa0 |
| 1693 | CD68 | CD68 molecule | CD68 | 0.6 | B C CD68 immunostaining in MS CP (100X, 100X scale bar = 10_amp_#xa0 |
| 1693 | CD68 | CD68 molecule | CD68 | 0.6 | D Epiplexus cell showing CD68 immunostaining in ALS CP (100X, 100X scale bar = 10_amp_#xa0 |
| 1693 | CD68 | CD68 molecule | CD68 | 0.6 | E F double immunohistochemistry CD68 (brown)/HLA-DR brown HLA-DR (purple) purple in MS CP showing colocalization |
| 1693 | CD68 | CD68 molecule | CD68 | 0.6 | brown HLA-DR (purple) purple in MS CP showing colocalization of CD68 and HLA-DR on the cells indicated by arrows (100X, 100X |
| 1693 | CD68 | CD68 molecule | CD68 | 0.6 | G H double immunohistochemistry CD68 (brown)/HLA-DR brown HLA-DR (purple) purple in MS CP in image |
| 1693 | CD68 | CD68 molecule | CD68 | 0.6 | CP in image G a photograph was obtained only with CD68 immunostaining subsequently the same microscopic field was photographed (image image |
| 1693 | CD68 | CD68 molecule | CD68 | 0.6 | as the photographs were obtained from an unmounted section while CD68 positive cells also show HLA-DR immunostaining other cells show only |
| 1693 | CD68 | CD68 molecule | CD68 | 0.6 | show HLA-DR immunostaining other cells show only HLA-DR and not CD68 immunostaining |
| 1693 | CD68 | CD68 molecule | CD68 | 0.6 | Fig 3._amp_#xa0 A B double immunohistochemistry CD68 (brown)/HLA-DR brown HLA-DR (purple) purple in viral encephalitis CP in |
| 1693 | CD68 | CD68 molecule | CD68 | 0.6 | CP in image A a photograph was obtained only with CD68 immunostaining subsequently the same microscopic field was photographed (image image |
| 1693 | CD68 | CD68 molecule | CD68 | 0.6 | counterstaining as the photographs were obtained from an unmounted section CD68 positive cells also show HLA-DR immunostaining |
| 12663 | VCAM1 | vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 | VCAM-1 | 0.9 | E VCAM-1 endothelial immunostaining in MS CP vessels (40X, 40X scale bar |
| 12663 | VCAM1 | vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 | VCAM-1 | 0.9 | F VCAM-1 endothelial immunostaining in viral encephalitis CP vessel (40X, 40X scale |
| 12663 | VCAM1 | vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 | VCAM-1 | 0.9 | G VCAM-1 immunostaining in ALS CP no endothelial staining is observed (40X, |
| 10658 | SDC1 | syndecan 1 | CD138 | 1.0 | H CD138 positive plasma cell in MS CP (40X, 40X scale bar |
| 6925 | MBP | myelin basic protein | myelin basic protein | 1.0 | six of the ms brains used in this study had been already characterized as pertaining the pattern and extension of wm and grey matter gm demyelinating lesions in previous studies using myelin basic protein mbp immunostaining [vercellino et al. 2005] and [vercellino et al. 2007] . |
| 2295 | CP | ceruloplasmin (ferroxidase) | cp 2 | 1.0 | the most striking change was the intense expression of hla dr on three different cell populations: 1 elongated cells in the stroma of the cp 2 round cells located among the cp epithelial cells 3 epiplexus cells on the ventricular side of the cp. |
| 7873 | NOS2A | nitric oxide synthase 2A (inducible, hepatocytes) | nitric oxide synthase | 1.0 | epiplexus cells have been shown to respond to lps or ifn gamma injection blast injury and other stimuli with ultrastructural modifications increased number hla dr and nitric oxide synthase upregulation eng ang et al. 1998 . |