)| PMID |
17052237 ( ) |
|---|---|
| Title | Redox signalling involving NADPH oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species. |
| Abstract | Increased oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathophysiology of many diseases such as atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, myocardial infarction and heart failure. In addition to the well-known damaging effects of oxygen-free radicals, ROS (reactive oxygen species) also have signalling roles, acting as second messengers that modulate the activity of diverse intracellular signalling pathways and transcription factors, thereby inducing changes in cell phenotype. NADPH oxidases appear to be especially important sources of ROS involved in redox signalling. Seven NADPH oxidase isoforms, known as Noxs (NAPDH oxidases), are expressed in a cell- and tissue-specific fashion. These oxidases are thought to subserve distinct functions as a result of their tightly regulated activation (e.g. by neurohormonal and growth factors and mechanical stimuli) and their specific coupling with distinct downstream signalling pathways. In the present paper, we review the structure and mechanisms of activation of NADPH oxidases and consider their involvement in redox signalling, focusing mainly on the cardiovascular system. School of Medicine, Bessemer Road, London SE5 9PJ, UK. |
NOTE: Color highlight is limited to the abstract and SciMiner text-mining mode. If you see much more identified targets below from "Targets by SciMiner Summary" and "Targets by SciMiner Full list", they may have been identified from the full text.
Targets by SciMiner Summary
| HUGO ID | Symbol | Target Name | #Occur | ActualStr |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 14874 | NOX5 | NADPH oxidase, EF-hand calcium binding domain 5 | 23 | Nox5 | nadph oxidase | |
| 7660 | NCF1 | neutrophil cytosolic factor 1, (chronic granulomatous disease, autosomal 1) | 22 | p47 | |
| 2578 | CYBB | cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide (chronic granulomatous disease) | 16 | Nox2-containing | NOX2 | Nox2-deficient | |
| 6871 | MAPK1 | mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 | 14 | ERK | p40 | extracellular signal regulated kinase | MAPKs | MAPK | p38 | |
| 391 | AKT1 | v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 | 12 | Rac | Akt | protein kinase b | |
| 333 | AGT | angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8) | 10 | angiotensin ii | |
| 11892 | TNF | tumor necrosis factor (TNF superfamily, member 2) | 9 | TNF-receptor-associated | |
| 12680 | VEGFA | vascular endothelial growth factor A | 9 | VEGF | VEGF-induced | vascular endothelial growth factor | |
| 7661 | NCF2 | neutrophil cytosolic factor 2 (65kDa, chronic granulomatous disease, autosomal 2) | 8 | p67 | |
| 3796 | FOS | v-fos FBJ murine osteosarcoma viral oncogene homolog | 8 | ap 1 | AP-1 | activator protein 1 | |
| 7889 | NOX1 | NADPH oxidase 1 | 8 | Nox1 | |
| 7891 | NOX4 | NADPH oxidase 4 | 7 | Nox4 | NOX4 | |
| 12731 | WAS | Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (eczema-thrombocytopenia) | 6 | WASP | wiskott aldrich syndrome | wiskott aldrich syndrome protein | |
| 19404 | NOXO1 | NADPH oxidase organizer 1 | 5 | NoxO1 | |
| 7427 | MT-CYB | mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b | 4 | cytochrome b | |
| 9801 | RAC1 | ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (rho family, small GTP binding protein Rac1) | 4 | Rac1 | |
| 6877 | MAPK3 | mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 | 4 | extracellular signal regulated kinase 1 | ERK1 | |
| 6881 | MAPK8 | mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 | 3 | JNK | JNK-mediated | |
| 12732 | WASF1 | WAS protein family, member 1 | 3 | WAVE1-dependent | |
| 10668 | NOXA1 | NADPH oxidase activator 1 | 3 | NoxA1 | |
| 11362 | STAT1 | signal transducer and activator of transcription 1, 91kDa | 3 | STAT | |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | 3 | IL-6 | il 6 | interleukin 6 | |
| 4910 | HIF1A | hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor) | 3 | hif 1 | HIF-1 | hypoxia inducible factor 1 | |
| 12663 | VCAM1 | vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 | 2 | vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 | VCAM-1 | |
| 1764 | CDH5 | cadherin 5, type 2, VE-cadherin (vascular epithelium) | 2 | cadherin | ve cadherin | |
| 5344 | ICAM1 | intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (CD54), human rhinovirus receptor | 2 | intercellular adhesion molecule 1 | ICAM-1 | |
| 13273 | DUOX2 | dual oxidase 2 | 2 | DUOX2 | Duox2 | |
| 6110 | IQGAP1 | IQ motif containing GTPase activating protein 1 | 2 | iq motif containing gtpase activating protein 1 | IQGAP1 | |
| 5992 | IL1B | interleukin 1, beta | 2 | IL-1 | il 1 | |
| 9393 | PRKCA | protein kinase C, alpha | 2 | protein kinase c | |
| 6857 | MAP3K5 | mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5 | 2 | apoptosis signal regulating kinase | ASK1 | |
| 1784 | CDKN1A | cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (p21, Cip1) | 2 | p21-activated | |
| 11765 | TGFA | transforming growth factor, alpha | 2 | transforming growth factor | |
| 12034 | TRAF4 | TNF receptor-associated factor 4 | 2 | tnf receptor associated factor 4 | TRAF-4 | |
| 2577 | CYBA | cytochrome b-245, alpha polypeptide | 2 | p22 | |
| 1681 | CD44 | CD44 molecule (Indian blood group) | 1 | CD44 | |
| 11609 | TBXAS1 | thromboxane A synthase 1 (platelet, cytochrome P450, family 5, subfamily A) | 1 | cytochrome p450 | |
| 9405 | PKN1 | protein kinase N1 | 1 | PAK1 | |
| 3062 | DUOX1 | dual oxidase 1 | 1 | Duox1 | |
| 6768 | SMAD2 | SMAD family member 2 | 1 | smad 2 | |
| 2500 | CTGF | connective tissue growth factor | 1 | connective tissue growth factor | |
| 3176 | EDN1 | endothelin 1 | 1 | endothelin 1 | |
| 12435 | TXN | thioredoxin | 1 | thioredoxin | |
| 12805 | XDH | xanthine dehydrogenase | 1 | xanthine oxidase | |
| 399 | ALB | albumin | 1 | albumin | |
| 6081 | INS | insulin | 1 | insulin | |
| 9958 | REN | renin | 1 | renin | |
| 7166 | MMP2 | matrix metallopeptidase 2 (gelatinase A, 72kDa gelatinase, 72kDa type IV collagenase) | 1 | MMP2 | |
| 9407 | PRKD1 | protein kinase D1 | 1 | PKD | |
| 7890 | NOX3 | NADPH oxidase 3 | 1 | Nox3 | |
Targets by SciMiner Full list
| HUGO ID | Symbol | Name | ActualStr | Score | FlankingText |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2577 | CYBA | cytochrome b-245, alpha polypeptide | p22 | 0.0 | oxidase comprises a membrane-associated cytochrome b 558 composed of one p22 subunit and one gp91 subunit |
| 7660 | NCF1 | neutrophil cytosolic factor 1, (chronic granulomatous disease, autosomal 1) | p47 | 0.3 | activation requires the translocation of several regulatory cytosolic subunits (p47 p47 p67 p40 and Rac to the membrane where they associate |
| 7661 | NCF2 | neutrophil cytosolic factor 2 (65kDa, chronic granulomatous disease, autosomal 2) | p67 | 0.3 | requires the translocation of several regulatory cytosolic subunits (p47 p47 p67 p40 and Rac to the membrane where they associate with |
| 6871 | MAPK1 | mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 | p40 | 2.7 | the translocation of several regulatory cytosolic subunits (p47 p47 p67 p40 and Rac to the membrane where they associate with cytochrome |
| 391 | AKT1 | v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 | Rac | 0.1 | of several regulatory cytosolic subunits (p47 p47 p67 p40 and Rac to the membrane where they associate with cytochrome b 558 |
| 2578 | CYBB | cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide (chronic granulomatous disease) | Nox2 | 1.9 | The classical gp91 isoform is known as Nox2 in this new terminology |
| 14874 | NOX5 | NADPH oxidase, EF-hand calcium binding domain 5 | Nox5 | 0.9 | -helices and an NADPH-binding domain towards the C-terminus (ii) ii Nox5 has the same basic structure as Nox1-Nox4 but with an |
| 3062 | DUOX1 | dual oxidase 1 | Duox1 | 0.3 | with an additional N-terminal calmodulin-like Ca -binding domain (iii) iii Duox1 and Duox2 are similar to Nox5 but include an additional |
| 13273 | DUOX2 | dual oxidase 2 | DUOX2 | 0.3 | with an additional N-terminal calmodulin-like Ca -binding domain (iii) iii Duox1 and Duox2 are similar to Nox5 but include an additional |
| 13273 | DUOX2 | dual oxidase 2 | Duox2 | 0.3 | additional N-terminal calmodulin-like Ca -binding domain (iii) iii Duox1 and Duox2 are similar to Nox5 but include an additional N-terminal peroxidase |
| 14874 | NOX5 | NADPH oxidase, EF-hand calcium binding domain 5 | Nox5 | 0.9 | -binding domain (iii) iii Duox1 and Duox2 are similar to Nox5 but include an additional N-terminal peroxidase homology domain 1 |
| 7889 | NOX1 | NADPH oxidase 1 | Nox1 | 0.9 | Nox1 is expressed in many epithelia (e.g e.g colon as well |
| 2578 | CYBB | cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide (chronic granulomatous disease) | Nox2 | 1.9 | Nox2 is expressed in endothelial cells cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts in addition |
| 7890 | NOX3 | NADPH oxidase 3 | Nox3 | 0.9 | Nox3 is primarily expressed in foetal tissues and adult inner ear |
| 7891 | NOX4 | NADPH oxidase 4 | Nox4 | 0.9 | Nox4 was first identified in kidney but is in fact widely |
| 14874 | NOX5 | NADPH oxidase, EF-hand calcium binding domain 5 | Nox5 | 0.9 | Nox5 is expressed in foetal tissues and adult testis spleen ovary |
| 7889 | NOX1 | NADPH oxidase 1 | Nox1 | 0.9 | For example cultured VSMCs express both Nox1 and Nox4 11 while endothelial cells 9 and cardiomyocytes 10 |
| 7891 | NOX4 | NADPH oxidase 4 | NOX4 | 0.9 | For example cultured VSMCs express both Nox1 and Nox4 11 while endothelial cells 9 and cardiomyocytes 10 |
| 7891 | NOX4 | NADPH oxidase 4 | Nox4 | 0.9 | For example cultured VSMCs express both Nox1 and Nox4 11 while endothelial cells 9 and cardiomyocytes 10 12 co-express |
| 2578 | CYBB | cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide (chronic granulomatous disease) | Nox2 | 1.9 | 11 while endothelial cells 9 and cardiomyocytes 10 12 co-express Nox2 and Nox4 |
| 7891 | NOX4 | NADPH oxidase 4 | NOX4 | 0.9 | 11 while endothelial cells 9 and cardiomyocytes 10 12 co-express Nox2 and Nox4 |
| 7891 | NOX4 | NADPH oxidase 4 | Nox4 | 0.9 | endothelial cells 9 and cardiomyocytes 10 12 co-express Nox2 and Nox4 |
| 11892 | TNF | tumor necrosis factor (TNF superfamily, member 2) | TNF | 0.3 | TNF a (tumour tumour necrosis factor a and TGF b (transforming |
| 12680 | VEGFA | vascular endothelial growth factor A | VEGF | 2.8 | transforming growth factor b (iii) iii growth factors e.g thrombin VEGF (vascular vascular endothelial growth factor and insulin (iv) iv 'metabolic' |
| 2578 | CYBB | cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide (chronic granulomatous disease) | Nox2-containing | 1.3 | activation in cardiovascular cells are best characterized for the classical Nox2-containing oxidase and Nox1 |
| 7889 | NOX1 | NADPH oxidase 1 | Nox1 | 0.9 | cells are best characterized for the classical Nox2-containing oxidase and Nox1 |
| 2578 | CYBB | cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide (chronic granulomatous disease) | Nox2 | 1.9 | In general Nox2 oxidase activation in these cells involves a similar process to |
| 7660 | NCF1 | neutrophil cytosolic factor 1, (chronic granulomatous disease, autosomal 1) | p47 | 0.3 | in neutrophils namely the association of cytosolic oxidase components (p47 p47 p67 and Rac1 with cytochrome b 558 |
| 7661 | NCF2 | neutrophil cytosolic factor 2 (65kDa, chronic granulomatous disease, autosomal 2) | p67 | 0.3 | neutrophils namely the association of cytosolic oxidase components (p47 p47 p67 and Rac1 with cytochrome b 558 |
| 9801 | RAC1 | ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (rho family, small GTP binding protein Rac1) | Rac1 | 0.1 | the association of cytosolic oxidase components (p47 p47 p67 and Rac1 with cytochrome b 558 |
| 7661 | NCF2 | neutrophil cytosolic factor 2 (65kDa, chronic granulomatous disease, autosomal 2) | p67 | 0.3 | Binding of p67 to an activation site on Nox2 initiates the electron transfer |
| 2578 | CYBB | cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide (chronic granulomatous disease) | Nox2 | 1.9 | Binding of p67 to an activation site on Nox2 initiates the electron transfer process but the key post-translational modifications |
| 7660 | NCF1 | neutrophil cytosolic factor 1, (chronic granulomatous disease, autosomal 1) | p47 | 0.3 | post-translational modifications involved in oxidase activation are the phosphorylation of p47 and Rac activation 1 |
| 391 | AKT1 | v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 | Rac | 0.1 | involved in oxidase activation are the phosphorylation of p47 and Rac activation 1 |
| 7660 | NCF1 | neutrophil cytosolic factor 1, (chronic granulomatous disease, autosomal 1) | p47 | 0.3 | Phosphorylation of p47 allows its interaction with p22 and facilitates the binding of |
| 7661 | NCF2 | neutrophil cytosolic factor 2 (65kDa, chronic granulomatous disease, autosomal 2) | p67 | 0.3 | allows its interaction with p22 and facilitates the binding of p67 to cytochrome b 558 |
| 2577 | CYBA | cytochrome b-245, alpha polypeptide | p22 | 0.0 | Phosphorylation of p47 allows its interaction with p22 and facilitates the binding of p67 to cytochrome b 558 |
| 7660 | NCF1 | neutrophil cytosolic factor 1, (chronic granulomatous disease, autosomal 1) | p47 | 0.3 | In endothelial cells p47 phosphorylation and binding to the cytochrome have been shown to |
| 11892 | TNF | tumor necrosis factor (TNF superfamily, member 2) | TNF | 0.3 | be involved in oxidase activation in response to angiotensin II TNF a VEGF and oscillatory shear stress 14-16 similar results are |
| 12680 | VEGFA | vascular endothelial growth factor A | VEGF | 2.8 | in oxidase activation in response to angiotensin II TNF a VEGF and oscillatory shear stress 14-16 similar results are available in |
| 7660 | NCF1 | neutrophil cytosolic factor 1, (chronic granulomatous disease, autosomal 1) | p47 | 0.3 | isoforms are believed to be the major kinases responsible for p47 phosphorylation although other kinases such as Akt (or or protein |
| 6871 | MAPK1 | mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 | p38 | 3.0 | other kinases such as Akt (or or protein kinase B p38 MAPK (mitogen-activated mitogen-activated protein kinase and PAK (p21-activated p21-activated kinase |
| 6871 | MAPK1 | mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 | MAPK | 2.7 | kinases such as Akt (or or protein kinase B p38 MAPK (mitogen-activated mitogen-activated protein kinase and PAK (p21-activated p21-activated kinase may |
| 1784 | CDKN1A | cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (p21, Cip1) | p21-activated | 0.3 | B p38 MAPK (mitogen-activated mitogen-activated protein kinase and PAK (p21-activated p21-activated kinase may also play a role depending on the stimulus |
| 391 | AKT1 | v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 | Akt | 0.0 | kinases responsible for p47 phosphorylation although other kinases such as Akt (or or protein kinase B p38 MAPK (mitogen-activated mitogen-activated protein |
| 391 | AKT1 | v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 | Rac | 0.0 | Translocation and activation of Rac require its geranylgeranyl modification and conversion from a GDP-into GTP-bound |
| 12680 | VEGFA | vascular endothelial growth factor A | VEGF | 2.8 | NADPH oxidase activation in response to altered shear stress 18 VEGF 19 TNF a 20 and ischaemia-reperfusion 21 |
| 11892 | TNF | tumor necrosis factor (TNF superfamily, member 2) | TNF | 0.3 | activation in response to altered shear stress 18 VEGF 19 TNF a 20 and ischaemia-reperfusion 21 |
| 391 | AKT1 | v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 | Rac | 0.0 | Rac translocation is implicated in NADPH oxidase activation in response to |
| 7660 | NCF1 | neutrophil cytosolic factor 1, (chronic granulomatous disease, autosomal 1) | p47 | 0.3 | The agonist-stimulated signalling events that lead to p47 phosphorylation and Rac activation and thus oxidase activation in cardiovascular |
| 391 | AKT1 | v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 | Rac | 0.0 | The agonist-stimulated signalling events that lead to p47 phosphorylation and Rac activation and thus oxidase activation in cardiovascular cells have been |
| 7660 | NCF1 | neutrophil cytosolic factor 1, (chronic granulomatous disease, autosomal 1) | p47 | 0.3 | Recently isoforms of p47 and p67 were discovered |
| 7661 | NCF2 | neutrophil cytosolic factor 2 (65kDa, chronic granulomatous disease, autosomal 2) | p67 | 0.3 | Recently isoforms of p47 and p67 were discovered |
| 19404 | NOXO1 | NADPH oxidase organizer 1 | NoxO1 | 0.9 | These were termed NoxO1 (for for Nox o rganizer 1 and NoxA1 (for for |
| 10668 | NOXA1 | NADPH oxidase activator 1 | NoxA1 | 1.2 | were termed NoxO1 (for for Nox o rganizer 1 and NoxA1 (for for Nox a ctivator 1 which substitute for p47 |
| 7660 | NCF1 | neutrophil cytosolic factor 1, (chronic granulomatous disease, autosomal 1) | p47 | 0.3 | NoxA1 (for for Nox a ctivator 1 which substitute for p47 and p67 respectively 1 |
| 7661 | NCF2 | neutrophil cytosolic factor 2 (65kDa, chronic granulomatous disease, autosomal 2) | p67 | 0.3 | for Nox a ctivator 1 which substitute for p47 and p67 respectively 1 |
| 7660 | NCF1 | neutrophil cytosolic factor 1, (chronic granulomatous disease, autosomal 1) | p47 | 0.3 | An important difference between p47 and NoxO1 is that the latter lacks the p47 domain |
| 19404 | NOXO1 | NADPH oxidase organizer 1 | NoxO1 | 0.9 | An important difference between p47 and NoxO1 is that the latter lacks the p47 domain that is |
| 7660 | NCF1 | neutrophil cytosolic factor 1, (chronic granulomatous disease, autosomal 1) | p47 | 0.3 | between p47 and NoxO1 is that the latter lacks the p47 domain that is regulated by phosphorylation therefore NoxO1 may influence |
| 19404 | NOXO1 | NADPH oxidase organizer 1 | NoxO1 | 0.9 | lacks the p47 domain that is regulated by phosphorylation therefore NoxO1 may influence oxidase activity quite differently from p47 |
| 7660 | NCF1 | neutrophil cytosolic factor 1, (chronic granulomatous disease, autosomal 1) | p47 | 0.3 | phosphorylation therefore NoxO1 may influence oxidase activity quite differently from p47 |
| 7889 | NOX1 | NADPH oxidase 1 | Nox1 | 0.9 | In colon epithelial cells Nox1 oxidase activity requires NoxO1 and NoxA1 instead of p47 and |
| 19404 | NOXO1 | NADPH oxidase organizer 1 | NoxO1 | 0.9 | In colon epithelial cells Nox1 oxidase activity requires NoxO1 and NoxA1 instead of p47 and p67 |
| 10668 | NOXA1 | NADPH oxidase activator 1 | NoxA1 | 1.2 | In colon epithelial cells Nox1 oxidase activity requires NoxO1 and NoxA1 instead of p47 and p67 |
| 7660 | NCF1 | neutrophil cytosolic factor 1, (chronic granulomatous disease, autosomal 1) | p47 | 0.3 | cells Nox1 oxidase activity requires NoxO1 and NoxA1 instead of p47 and p67 |
| 7661 | NCF2 | neutrophil cytosolic factor 2 (65kDa, chronic granulomatous disease, autosomal 2) | p67 | 0.3 | oxidase activity requires NoxO1 and NoxA1 instead of p47 and p67 |
| 7889 | NOX1 | NADPH oxidase 1 | Nox1 | 0.9 | However it remains unclear whether these analogues influence Nox1 activity in VSMCs |
| 7889 | NOX1 | NADPH oxidase 1 | Nox1 | 0.9 | it would appear that the general mode of activation of Nox1 in VSMCs may be quite similar to that described for |
| 2578 | CYBB | cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide (chronic granulomatous disease) | Nox2 | 1.9 | in VSMCs may be quite similar to that described for Nox2 |
| 7889 | NOX1 | NADPH oxidase 1 | Nox1 | 0.9 | In contrast with Nox1 and Nox2 activation mechanisms for the Nox4-based oxidase are poorly |
| 2578 | CYBB | cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide (chronic granulomatous disease) | NOX2 | 1.9 | In contrast with Nox1 and Nox2 activation mechanisms for the Nox4-based oxidase are poorly |
| 2578 | CYBB | cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide (chronic granulomatous disease) | Nox2 | 1.9 | In contrast with Nox1 and Nox2 activation mechanisms for the Nox4-based oxidase are poorly defined |
| 7891 | NOX4 | NADPH oxidase 4 | Nox4 | 0.9 | Several studies indicate that Nox4 does not require either p47 p67 (or or analogues or |
| 7660 | NCF1 | neutrophil cytosolic factor 1, (chronic granulomatous disease, autosomal 1) | p47 | 0.3 | Several studies indicate that Nox4 does not require either p47 p67 (or or analogues or Rac for its activity suggesting |
| 7661 | NCF2 | neutrophil cytosolic factor 2 (65kDa, chronic granulomatous disease, autosomal 2) | p67 | 0.3 | Several studies indicate that Nox4 does not require either p47 p67 (or or analogues or Rac for its activity suggesting that |
| 391 | AKT1 | v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 | Rac | 0.0 | does not require either p47 p67 (or or analogues or Rac for its activity suggesting that its mode of activation may |
| 6871 | MAPK1 | mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 | MAPK | 2.7 | activity of redox-sensitive protein kinases such as members of the MAPK family Akt PKC PKD and JAK (Janus Janus kinase either |
| 9407 | PRKD1 | protein kinase D1 | PKD | 0.9 | kinases such as members of the MAPK family Akt PKC PKD and JAK (Janus Janus kinase either indirectly via inactivation of |
| 391 | AKT1 | v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 | Akt | 0.2 | redox-sensitive protein kinases such as members of the MAPK family Akt PKC PKD and JAK (Janus Janus kinase either indirectly via |
| 3796 | FOS | v-fos FBJ murine osteosarcoma viral oncogene homolog | AP-1 | 1.0 | AP-1 (activator activator protein 1 NF-k B (nuclear nuclear factor k |
| 4910 | HIF1A | hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor) | HIF-1 | 0.9 | activator protein 1 NF-k B (nuclear nuclear factor k B HIF-1 (hypoxia-inducible hypoxia-inducible factor 1 and STAT (signal signal transducer and |
| 11362 | STAT1 | signal transducer and activator of transcription 1, 91kDa | STAT | 2.1 | nuclear factor k B HIF-1 (hypoxia-inducible hypoxia-inducible factor 1 and STAT (signal signal transducer and activator of transcription either directly or |
| 5344 | ICAM1 | intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (CD54), human rhinovirus receptor | ICAM-1 | 1.8 | The surface expression of adhesion molecules such as ICAM-1 (intercellular intercellular adhesion molecule 1 and VCAM-1 (vascular vascular cell |
| 12663 | VCAM1 | vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 | VCAM-1 | 2.8 | molecules such as ICAM-1 (intercellular intercellular adhesion molecule 1 and VCAM-1 (vascular vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 on endothelial cells in |
| 11892 | TNF | tumor necrosis factor (TNF superfamily, member 2) | TNF | 0.3 | 1 on endothelial cells in response to increased oscillatory shear TNF a renin-angiotensin system activation or hypercholesterolaemia is reported to involve |
| 6871 | MAPK1 | mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 | MAPKs | 2.7 | NADPH oxidase-derived ROS which may act through the activation of MAPKs e.g |
| 6877 | MAPK3 | mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 | ERK1 | 2.7 | ERK1/2 ERK1 2 (extracellular-signal-regulated extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 1/2)] 1 2 and/or and or |
| 11892 | TNF | tumor necrosis factor (TNF superfamily, member 2) | TNF | 0.3 | NADPH oxidase is also involved in TNF a -induced JNK-mediated phosphorylation of VE cadherin and subsequent increases |
| 6881 | MAPK8 | mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 | JNK-mediated | 1.2 | NADPH oxidase is also involved in TNF a -induced JNK-mediated phosphorylation of VE cadherin and subsequent increases in endothelial permeability |
| 1764 | CDH5 | cadherin 5, type 2, VE-cadherin (vascular epithelium) | cadherin | 0.3 | also involved in TNF a -induced JNK-mediated phosphorylation of VE cadherin and subsequent increases in endothelial permeability 20 |
| 12680 | VEGFA | vascular endothelial growth factor A | VEGF-induced | 2.8 | VEGF-induced endothelial cell migration involves ROS generation by Nox2 NADPH oxidase |
| 2578 | CYBB | cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide (chronic granulomatous disease) | Nox2 | 1.9 | VEGF-induced endothelial cell migration involves ROS generation by Nox2 NADPH oxidase and the subsequent activation of Akt 19 |
| 391 | AKT1 | v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 | Akt | 0.0 | generation by Nox2 NADPH oxidase and the subsequent activation of Akt 19 |
| 6871 | MAPK1 | mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 | p38 | 3.0 | role of NADPH oxidase in activating redox-sensitive kinases (e.g e.g p38 MAPK and Akt involved in VSMC growth in response to |
| 6871 | MAPK1 | mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 | MAPK | 2.7 | of NADPH oxidase in activating redox-sensitive kinases (e.g e.g p38 MAPK and Akt involved in VSMC growth in response to agonists |
| 391 | AKT1 | v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 | Akt | 0.1 | oxidase in activating redox-sensitive kinases (e.g e.g p38 MAPK and Akt involved in VSMC growth in response to agonists such as |
| 6871 | MAPK1 | mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 | MAPKs | 2.7 | NADPH oxidase is also implicated in the activation of MAPKs (e.g e.g ERK1/2) ERK1 2 during cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in response |
| 6877 | MAPK3 | mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 | ERK1 | 2.7 | also implicated in the activation of MAPKs (e.g e.g ERK1/2) ERK1 2 during cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in response to a -adrenergic stimulation |
| 6857 | MAP3K5 | mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5 | ASK1 | 2.2 | shown to be involved in the angiotensin II-induced activation of ASK1 (apoptosis apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 and NF-k B which were |
| 9801 | RAC1 | ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (rho family, small GTP binding protein Rac1) | Rac1 | 0.0 | Recently cardiomyocyte Rac1 was shown to be involved in the angiotensin II-induced activation |
| 7166 | MMP2 | matrix metallopeptidase 2 (gelatinase A, 72kDa gelatinase, 72kDa type IV collagenase) | MMP2 | 0.3 | In VSMC subjected to cyclical mechanical stretch the increase in MMP2 expression and activity has been shown to be p47 -dependent |
| 7660 | NCF1 | neutrophil cytosolic factor 1, (chronic granulomatous disease, autosomal 1) | p47 | 0.3 | in MMP2 expression and activity has been shown to be p47 -dependent 28 |
| 7660 | NCF1 | neutrophil cytosolic factor 1, (chronic granulomatous disease, autosomal 1) | p47 | 0.3 | Similarly p47 was implicated in the MMP activation and flow-induced vascular remodelling |
| 11892 | TNF | tumor necrosis factor (TNF superfamily, member 2) | TNF | 0.3 | NADPH oxidase involvement in TNF a -induced increases in NF-k B activation in endothelial cells |
| 2578 | CYBB | cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide (chronic granulomatous disease) | Nox2 | 1.9 | NF-k B activation by glycated albumin was also dependent on Nox2 oxidase activation 31 |
| 2578 | CYBB | cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide (chronic granulomatous disease) | Nox2 | 1.9 | Similarly Nox2 oxidase is required for in vivo myocardial NF-k B activation |
| 3796 | FOS | v-fos FBJ murine osteosarcoma viral oncogene homolog | AP-1 | 1.0 | In cultured rat cardiomyocytes angiotensin II-induced increases in AP-1 activity were suggested to be NADPH oxidase-dependent 33 while in |
| 7891 | NOX4 | NADPH oxidase 4 | Nox4 | 0.9 | TGF b 1-induced activation of Smad 2/3 2 3 was Nox4 oxidase-dependent 7 |
| 11362 | STAT1 | signal transducer and activator of transcription 1, 91kDa | STAT | 2.1 | In cultured VSMC angiotensin II-induced JAK/STAT JAK STAT signalling and synthesis of IL-6 (interleukin interleukin 6 were p47 |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | IL-6 | 1.6 | VSMC angiotensin II-induced JAK/STAT JAK STAT signalling and synthesis of IL-6 (interleukin interleukin 6 were p47 -dependent 34 |
| 7660 | NCF1 | neutrophil cytosolic factor 1, (chronic granulomatous disease, autosomal 1) | p47 | 0.3 | STAT signalling and synthesis of IL-6 (interleukin interleukin 6 were p47 -dependent 34 |
| 7889 | NOX1 | NADPH oxidase 1 | Nox1 | 0.9 | For example transfection of NIH 3T3 fibroblasts with Nox1 induced up-regulation of numerous genes critical to cell growth 35 |
| 7660 | NCF1 | neutrophil cytosolic factor 1, (chronic granulomatous disease, autosomal 1) | p47 | 0.3 | In a recent study in VSMC it was demonstrated that p47 was involved in thrombin-induced changes in the expression of distinct |
| 1681 | CD44 | CD44 molecule (Indian blood group) | CD44 | 0.9 | the expression of distinct subsets of genes (notably notably the CD44 and BMP4-Id signalling pathway which may be involved in atherosclerosis |
| 2578 | CYBB | cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide (chronic granulomatous disease) | Nox2 | 1.9 | 3 and fibronectin mRNAs all of which are dependent on Nox2 since these changes are inhibited in Nox2-deficient animals 32 |
| 2578 | CYBB | cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide (chronic granulomatous disease) | Nox2-deficient | 1.3 | are dependent on Nox2 since these changes are inhibited in Nox2-deficient animals 32 |
| 7660 | NCF1 | neutrophil cytosolic factor 1, (chronic granulomatous disease, autosomal 1) | p47 | 0.3 | mechanism may involve the interaction of oxidase subunits such as p47 and Rac with non-oxidase proteins serving to spatially confine NADPH |
| 391 | AKT1 | v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 | Rac | 0.1 | involve the interaction of oxidase subunits such as p47 and Rac with non-oxidase proteins serving to spatially confine NADPH oxidase-derived ROS |
| 12680 | VEGFA | vascular endothelial growth factor A | VEGF-induced | 2.8 | For example VEGF-induced JNK activation and membrane ruffle formation in endothelial cells were |
| 6881 | MAPK8 | mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 | JNK | 1.2 | For example VEGF-induced JNK activation and membrane ruffle formation in endothelial cells were found |
| 7660 | NCF1 | neutrophil cytosolic factor 1, (chronic granulomatous disease, autosomal 1) | p47 | 0.3 | formation in endothelial cells were found to involve interaction of p47 with WAVE1 WASP (Wiskott-Aldrich Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein verprolin homologous 1 |
| 12732 | WASF1 | WAS protein family, member 1 | WAVE1 | 1.6 | endothelial cells were found to involve interaction of p47 with WAVE1 WASP (Wiskott-Aldrich Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein verprolin homologous 1 an important |
| 12731 | WAS | Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (eczema-thrombocytopenia) | WASP | 2.9 | cells were found to involve interaction of p47 with WAVE1 WASP (Wiskott-Aldrich Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein verprolin homologous 1 an important regulator |
| 12732 | WASF1 | WAS protein family, member 1 | WAVE1-dependent | 1.6 | verprolin homologous 1 an important regulator of the cytoskeleton the WAVE1-dependent complex also contained Rac1 and the kinase PAK1 37 |
| 9405 | PKN1 | protein kinase N1 | PAK1 | 1.9 | cytoskeleton the WAVE1-dependent complex also contained Rac1 and the kinase PAK1 37 |
| 9801 | RAC1 | ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (rho family, small GTP binding protein Rac1) | Rac1 | 0.0 | important regulator of the cytoskeleton the WAVE1-dependent complex also contained Rac1 and the kinase PAK1 37 |
| 11892 | TNF | tumor necrosis factor (TNF superfamily, member 2) | TNF | 0.3 | In human microvascular endothelial cells TNF a -induced ROS-dependent activation of ERK1/2 ERK1 2 required the |
| 6877 | MAPK3 | mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 | ERK1 | 2.7 | microvascular endothelial cells TNF a -induced ROS-dependent activation of ERK1/2 ERK1 2 required the association of phosphorylated p47 with the signalling |
| 7660 | NCF1 | neutrophil cytosolic factor 1, (chronic granulomatous disease, autosomal 1) | p47 | 0.3 | activation of ERK1/2 ERK1 2 required the association of phosphorylated p47 with the signalling molecule TRAF-4 (TNF-receptor-associated TNF-receptor-associated factor-4 25 |
| 12034 | TRAF4 | TNF receptor-associated factor 4 | TRAF-4 | 0.6 | required the association of phosphorylated p47 with the signalling molecule TRAF-4 (TNF-receptor-associated TNF-receptor-associated factor-4 25 |
| 11892 | TNF | tumor necrosis factor (TNF superfamily, member 2) | TNF-receptor-associated | 0.3 | association of phosphorylated p47 with the signalling molecule TRAF-4 (TNF-receptor-associated TNF-receptor-associated factor-4 25 |
| 6871 | MAPK1 | mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 | p38 | 3.0 | In VSMC angiotensin II-stimulated oxidase activation and downstream phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and JNK involved an interaction of p47 with cytoskeletal |
| 6871 | MAPK1 | mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 | MAPK | 2.7 | VSMC angiotensin II-stimulated oxidase activation and downstream phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and JNK involved an interaction of p47 with cytoskeletal elements |
| 6881 | MAPK8 | mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 | JNK | 1.2 | II-stimulated oxidase activation and downstream phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and JNK involved an interaction of p47 with cytoskeletal elements 38 |
| 7660 | NCF1 | neutrophil cytosolic factor 1, (chronic granulomatous disease, autosomal 1) | p47 | 0.3 | phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and JNK involved an interaction of p47 with cytoskeletal elements 38 |
| 12680 | VEGFA | vascular endothelial growth factor A | VEGF | 2.8 | In endothelial cells induced to migrate in response to VEGF the interaction of Nox2 and Rac1 with the molecule IQGAP1 |
| 2578 | CYBB | cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide (chronic granulomatous disease) | Nox2 | 1.9 | induced to migrate in response to VEGF the interaction of Nox2 and Rac1 with the molecule IQGAP1 (IQ IQ motif-containing GTPase-activating |
| 6110 | IQGAP1 | IQ motif containing GTPase activating protein 1 | IQGAP1 | 0.9 | VEGF the interaction of Nox2 and Rac1 with the molecule IQGAP1 (IQ IQ motif-containing GTPase-activating protein 1 was found to be |
| 9801 | RAC1 | ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (rho family, small GTP binding protein Rac1) | Rac1 | 0.1 | migrate in response to VEGF the interaction of Nox2 and Rac1 with the molecule IQGAP1 (IQ IQ motif-containing GTPase-activating protein 1 |
| 5992 | IL1B | interleukin 1, beta | IL-1 | 1.3 | Recently it was also shown that in response to IL-1 b stimulation of MCF-7 epithelial cells Nox2 was internalized in |
| 2578 | CYBB | cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide (chronic granulomatous disease) | Nox2 | 1.9 | in response to IL-1 b stimulation of MCF-7 epithelial cells Nox2 was internalized in endosomes in a Rac1-dependent manner together with |
| 3796 | FOS | v-fos FBJ murine osteosarcoma viral oncogene homolog | AP-1 | 1.0 | Abbreviations used AP-1 activator protein 1 ERK extracellular-signal-regulated kinase IL interleukin JAK Janus |
| 6871 | MAPK1 | mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 | ERK | 3.0 | Abbreviations used AP-1 activator protein 1 ERK extracellular-signal-regulated kinase IL interleukin JAK Janus kinase MAPK mitogen-activated protein |
| 6871 | MAPK1 | mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 | MAPK | 2.7 | protein 1 ERK extracellular-signal-regulated kinase IL interleukin JAK Janus kinase MAPK mitogen-activated protein kinase MMP matrix metalloproteinase Nox N ADPH ox |
| 10668 | NOXA1 | NADPH oxidase activator 1 | NoxA1 | 1.2 | protein kinase MMP matrix metalloproteinase Nox N ADPH ox idase NoxA1 Nox a ctivator 1 NoxO1 Nox o rganizer 1 NF-k |
| 19404 | NOXO1 | NADPH oxidase organizer 1 | NoxO1 | 0.9 | Nox N ADPH ox idase NoxA1 Nox a ctivator 1 NoxO1 Nox o rganizer 1 NF-k B nuclear factor k B |
| 1784 | CDKN1A | cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (p21, Cip1) | p21-activated | 0.3 | o rganizer 1 NF-k B nuclear factor k B PAK p21-activated kinase PKC protein kinase C ROS reactive oxygen species STAT |
| 11362 | STAT1 | signal transducer and activator of transcription 1, 91kDa | STAT | 2.1 | p21-activated kinase PKC protein kinase C ROS reactive oxygen species STAT signal transducer and activator of transcription TNF a tumour necrosis |
| 11892 | TNF | tumor necrosis factor (TNF superfamily, member 2) | TNF | 0.3 | reactive oxygen species STAT signal transducer and activator of transcription TNF a tumour necrosis factor a TGF b transforming growth factor |
| 12680 | VEGFA | vascular endothelial growth factor A | VEGF | 2.8 | tumour necrosis factor a TGF b transforming growth factor b VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor VSMC vascular smooth-muscle cell WAVE1 WASP |
| 12732 | WASF1 | WAS protein family, member 1 | WAVE1 | 1.6 | b VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor VSMC vascular smooth-muscle cell WAVE1 WASP (Wiskott-Aldrich Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein verprolin homologous 1 |
| 12731 | WAS | Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (eczema-thrombocytopenia) | WASP | 2.9 | VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor VSMC vascular smooth-muscle cell WAVE1 WASP (Wiskott-Aldrich Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein verprolin homologous 1 |
| 14874 | NOX5 | NADPH oxidase, EF-hand calcium binding domain 5 | nadph oxidase | 1.0 | seven nadph oxidase isoforms known as noxs n apdh ox idases are expressed in a cell and tissue specific fashion. |
| 11609 | TBXAS1 | thromboxane A synthase 1 (platelet, cytochrome P450, family 5, subfamily A) | cytochrome p450 | 1.0 | there are several potential sources of ros in most cells including the mitochondria nadph oxidases cytochrome p450 based enzymes xanthine oxidase and uncoupled no synthases. |
| 12805 | XDH | xanthine dehydrogenase | xanthine oxidase | 1.0 | there are several potential sources of ros in most cells including the mitochondria nadph oxidases cytochrome p450 based enzymes xanthine oxidase and uncoupled no synthases. |
| 14874 | NOX5 | NADPH oxidase, EF-hand calcium binding domain 5 | nadph oxidase | 1.0 | nadph oxidase isoforms |
| 14874 | NOX5 | NADPH oxidase, EF-hand calcium binding domain 5 | nadph oxidase | 1.0 | the nadph oxidase enzyme complex was first described in neutrophils where it is normally quiescent but generates a large quantity of superoxide upon activation during phagocytosis and plays a vital role in non specifi |
| 7427 | MT-CYB | mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b | cytochrome b | 1.0 | the phagocytic oxidase comprises a membrane associated cytochrome b 558 composed of one p22 subunit and one gp91 subunit. |
| 7427 | MT-CYB | mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b | cytochrome b | 1.0 | enzyme activation requires the translocation of several regulatory cytosolic subunits p47 p67 p40 and rac to the membrane where they associate with cytochrome b 558 and facilitate the transfer of electrons from nadph via fad and two haem moieties to molecular oxygen resulting in superoxide formation figure 1 . |
| 14874 | NOX5 | NADPH oxidase, EF-hand calcium binding domain 5 | nadph oxidase | 1.0 | in the last 18 years many non phagocytic cells have been found to contain nadph oxidase type ros generating activity. |
| 3176 | EDN1 | endothelin 1 | endothelin 1 | 1.0 | idase activity in non phagocytic cells such as cardiovascular cells is acutely increased by diverse pathophysiological stimuli including: i g protein coupled receptor agonists e.g. angiotensin ii and endothelin 1; ii cytokines e.g. |
| 14874 | NOX5 | NADPH oxidase, EF-hand calcium binding domain 5 | nadph oxidase | 1.0 | nadph oxidase activity in non phagocytic cells such as cardiovascular cells is acutely increased by diverse pathophysiological stimuli including: i g protein coupled receptor agonists e.g. angiotensin ii and endot |
| 333 | AGT | angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8) | angiotensin ii | 1.0 | nadph oxidase activity in non phagocytic cells such as cardiovascular cells is acutely increased by diverse pathophysiological stimuli including: i g protein coupled receptor agonists e.g. angiotensin ii and endothelin 1; ii cytokines e.g. |
| 6081 | INS | insulin | insulin | 1.0 | tnf a tumour necrosis factor a and tgf b transforming growth factor b ; iii growth factors e.g. thrombin vegf vascular endothelial growth factor and insulin; iv 'metabolic' factors e.g. oxidized low density lipoprotein non esterified 'free' fatty acids and glycated proteins; v hypoxia reoxygenation or ischaemia reperfusion; and vi mechanical stimuli e.g. |
| 12680 | VEGFA | vascular endothelial growth factor A | vascular endothelial growth factor | 1.0 | tnf a tumour necrosis factor a and tgf b transforming growth factor b ; iii growth factors e.g. thrombin vegf vascular endothelial growth factor and insulin; iv 'metabolic' factors e.g. oxidized low density lipoprotein non esterified 'free' fatty acids and glycated proteins; v hypoxia reoxygenation or ischaemia reperfusion; and vi mechanical |
| 11765 | TGFA | transforming growth factor, alpha | transforming growth factor | 1.0 | tnf a tumour necrosis factor a and tgf b transforming growth factor b ; iii growth factors e.g. thrombin vegf vascular endothelial growth factor and insulin; iv 'metabolic' factors e.g. oxidized low density lipoprotein non esterified 'free' fatty acids and glycated p |
| 7427 | MT-CYB | mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b | cytochrome b | 1.0 | in general nox2 oxidase activation in these cells involves a similar process to that in neutrophils namely the association of cytosolic oxidase components p47 p67 and rac1 with cytochrome b 558 . |
| 7427 | MT-CYB | mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b | cytochrome b | 1.0 | phosphorylation of p47 allows its interaction with p22 and facilitates the binding of p67 to cytochrome b 558 . |
| 333 | AGT | angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8) | angiotensin ii | 1.0 | in endothelial cells p47 phosphorylation and binding to the cytochrome have been shown to be involved in oxidase activation in response to angiotensin ii tnf a vegf and oscillatory shear stress [ 14 16 ]; similar results are available in other cell types. |
| 391 | AKT1 | v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 | protein kinase b | 1.0 | pkc protein kinase c isoforms are believed to be the major kinases responsible for p47 phosphorylation although other kinases such as akt or protein kinase b p38 mapk mitogen activated protein kinase and pak p21 activated kinase may also play a role depending on the stimulus [ 1 13 17 ]. |
| 9393 | PRKCA | protein kinase C, alpha | protein kinase c | 1.0 | pkc protein kinase c isoforms are believed to be the major kinases responsible for p47 phosphorylation although other kinases such as akt or protein kinase b p38 mapk mitogen activated protein kinase and pak p21 activate |
| 14874 | NOX5 | NADPH oxidase, EF-hand calcium binding domain 5 | nadph oxidase | 1.0 | rac translocation is implicated in nadph oxidase activation in response to altered shear stress [ 18 ] vegf [ 19 ] tnf a [ 20 ] and ischaemia reperfusion [ 21 ]. |
| 333 | AGT | angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8) | angiotensin ii | 1.0 | the agonist stimulated signalling events that lead to p47 phosphorylation and rac activation and thus oxidase activation in cardiovascular cells have been very well studied for some agonists e.g angiotensin ii and have been reviewed in [ 22 ]. |
| 4910 | HIF1A | hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor) | hypoxia inducible factor 1 | 1.0 | ap 1 activator protein 1 nf k b nuclear factor k b hif 1 hypoxia inducible factor 1 and stat signal transducer and activator of transcription ] either directly or secondary to altered activity of upstream kinases; iii via changes in activity of redox sensitive molecules such as thio |
| 3796 | FOS | v-fos FBJ murine osteosarcoma viral oncogene homolog | activator protein 1 | 1.0 | ap 1 activator protein 1 nf k b nuclear factor k b hif 1 hypoxia inducible factor 1 and stat signal transducer and activator of transcription ] either directly or secondary to altered activity of upstream kinases; iii via ch |
| 12435 | TXN | thioredoxin | thioredoxin | 1.0 | or 1 and stat signal transducer and activator of transcription ] either directly or secondary to altered activity of upstream kinases; iii via changes in activity of redox sensitive molecules such as thioredoxin; and iv through direct effects on enzymes receptors or ion channels [ 13 ]. |
| 4910 | HIF1A | hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor) | hif 1 | 1.0 | ap 1 activator protein 1 nf k b nuclear factor k b hif 1 hypoxia inducible factor 1 and stat signal transducer and activator of transcription ] either directly or secondary to altered activity of upstream kinases; iii via changes in activity of redox sensi |
| 3796 | FOS | v-fos FBJ murine osteosarcoma viral oncogene homolog | ap 1 | 1.0 | ap 1 activator protein 1 nf k b nuclear factor k b hif 1 hypoxia inducible factor 1 and stat signal transducer and activator of transcription ] either directly or secondary to altered activity of upstream |
| 5344 | ICAM1 | intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (CD54), human rhinovirus receptor | intercellular adhesion molecule 1 | 1.0 | the surface expression of adhesion molecules such as icam 1 intercellular adhesion molecule 1 and vcam 1 vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 on endothelial cells in response to increased oscillatory shear tnf a renin angiotensin system activation or hypercholesterolaemia is reported to involve |
| 9958 | REN | renin | renin | 1.0 | ce expression of adhesion molecules such as icam 1 intercellular adhesion molecule 1 and vcam 1 vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 on endothelial cells in response to increased oscillatory shear tnf a renin angiotensin system activation or hypercholesterolaemia is reported to involve nadph oxidase derived ros which may act through the activation of mapks [e.g. |
| 14874 | NOX5 | NADPH oxidase, EF-hand calcium binding domain 5 | nadph oxidase | 1.0 | and vcam 1 vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 on endothelial cells in response to increased oscillatory shear tnf a renin angiotensin system activation or hypercholesterolaemia is reported to involve nadph oxidase derived ros which may act through the activation of mapks [e.g. |
| 12663 | VCAM1 | vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 | vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 | 1.0 | the surface expression of adhesion molecules such as icam 1 intercellular adhesion molecule 1 and vcam 1 vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 on endothelial cells in response to increased oscillatory shear tnf a renin angiotensin system activation or hypercholesterolaemia is reported to involve nadph oxidase derived ros which may act throu |
| 6871 | MAPK1 | mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 | extracellular signal regulated kinase | 1.0 | erk1/2 extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2 ] and/or nf k b [ 17 25 ]. |
| 6877 | MAPK3 | mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 | extracellular signal regulated kinase 1 | 1.0 | erk1/2 extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2 ] and/or nf k b [ 17 25 ]. |
| 1764 | CDH5 | cadherin 5, type 2, VE-cadherin (vascular epithelium) | ve cadherin | 1.0 | nadph oxidase is also involved in tnf a induced jnk mediated phosphorylation of ve cadherin and subsequent increases in endothelial permeability [ 20 ]. |
| 14874 | NOX5 | NADPH oxidase, EF-hand calcium binding domain 5 | nadph oxidase | 1.0 | nadph oxidase is also involved in tnf a induced jnk mediated phosphorylation of ve cadherin and subsequent increases in endothelial permeability [ 20 ]. |
| 14874 | NOX5 | NADPH oxidase, EF-hand calcium binding domain 5 | nadph oxidase | 1.0 | vegf induced endothelial cell migration involves ros generation by nox2 nadph oxidase and the subsequent activation of akt [ 19 ]. |
| 14874 | NOX5 | NADPH oxidase, EF-hand calcium binding domain 5 | nadph oxidase | 1.0 | the role of nadph oxidase in activating redox sensitive kinases e.g p38 mapk and akt involved in vsmc growth in response to agonists such as angiotensin ii and thrombin has been thoroughly delineated [ 22 ]. |
| 333 | AGT | angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8) | angiotensin ii | 1.0 | the role of nadph oxidase in activating redox sensitive kinases e.g p38 mapk and akt involved in vsmc growth in response to agonists such as angiotensin ii and thrombin has been thoroughly delineated [ 22 ]. |
| 14874 | NOX5 | NADPH oxidase, EF-hand calcium binding domain 5 | nadph oxidase | 1.0 | nadph oxidase is also implicated in the activation of mapks e.g erk1/2 during cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in response to a adrenergic stimulation [ 26 ]. |
| 6857 | MAP3K5 | mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5 | apoptosis signal regulating kinase | 1.0 | recently cardiomyocyte rac1 was shown to be involved in the angiotensin ii induced activation of ask1 apoptosis signal regulating kinase 1 and nf k b which were implicated in the development of nadph oxidase dependent cardiac hypertrophy [ 27 ]. |
| 14874 | NOX5 | NADPH oxidase, EF-hand calcium binding domain 5 | nadph oxidase | 1.0 | recently cardiomyocyte rac1 was shown to be involved in the angiotensin ii induced activation of ask1 apoptosis signal regulating kinase 1 and nf k b which were implicated in the development of nadph oxidase dependent cardiac hypertrophy [ 27 ]. |
| 333 | AGT | angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8) | angiotensin ii | 1.0 | recently cardiomyocyte rac1 was shown to be involved in the angiotensin ii induced activation of ask1 apoptosis signal regulating kinase 1 and nf k b which were implicated in the development of nadph oxidase dependent cardiac hypertrophy [ 27 ]. |
| 14874 | NOX5 | NADPH oxidase, EF-hand calcium binding domain 5 | nadph oxidase | 1.0 | alterations in activity of transcription factors are an important component of nadph oxidase dependent redox signalling. |
| 14874 | NOX5 | NADPH oxidase, EF-hand calcium binding domain 5 | nadph oxidase | 1.0 | nadph oxidase involvement in tnf a induced increases in nf k b activation in endothelial cells was referred to earlier [ 17 ]. |
| 14874 | NOX5 | NADPH oxidase, EF-hand calcium binding domain 5 | nadph oxidase | 1.0 | similarly endothelial cell nf k b activation induced by advanced glycation end products is nadph oxidase dependent [ 30 ]. |
| 399 | ALB | albumin | albumin | 1.0 | in cultured cardiomyocytes nf k b activation by glycated albumin was also dependent on nox2 oxidase activation [ 31 ]. |
| 333 | AGT | angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8) | angiotensin ii | 1.0 | similarly nox2 oxidase is required for in vivo myocardial nf k b activation in an experimental model of angiotensin ii induced cardiac fibrosis [ 32 ]. |
| 6768 | SMAD2 | SMAD family member 2 | smad 2 | 1.0 | n cultured rat cardiomyocytes angiotensin ii induced increases in ap 1 activity were suggested to be nadph oxidase dependent [ 33 ] while in cultured cardiac fibroblasts tgf b 1 induced activation of smad 2/3 was nox4 oxidase dependent [ 7 ]. |
| 3796 | FOS | v-fos FBJ murine osteosarcoma viral oncogene homolog | ap 1 | 1.0 | in cultured rat cardiomyocytes angiotensin ii induced increases in ap 1 activity were suggested to be nadph oxidase dependent [ 33 ] while in cultured cardiac fibroblasts tgf b 1 induced activation of smad 2/3 was nox4 oxidase dependent [ 7 ]. |
| 14874 | NOX5 | NADPH oxidase, EF-hand calcium binding domain 5 | nadph oxidase | 1.0 | in cultured rat cardiomyocytes angiotensin ii induced increases in ap 1 activity were suggested to be nadph oxidase dependent [ 33 ] while in cultured cardiac fibroblasts tgf b 1 induced activation of smad 2/3 was nox4 oxidase dependent [ 7 ]. |
| 333 | AGT | angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8) | angiotensin ii | 1.0 | in cultured rat cardiomyocytes angiotensin ii induced increases in ap 1 activity were suggested to be nadph oxidase dependent [ 33 ] while in cultured cardiac fibroblasts tgf b 1 induced activation of smad 2/3 was nox4 oxidase dependent [ 7 ]. |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | interleukin 6 | 1.0 | in cultured vsmc angiotensin ii induced jak/stat signalling and synthesis of il 6 interleukin 6 were p47 dependent [ 34 ]. |
| 333 | AGT | angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8) | angiotensin ii | 1.0 | in cultured vsmc angiotensin ii induced jak/stat signalling and synthesis of il 6 interleukin 6 were p47 dependent [ 34 ]. |
| 6018 | IL6 | interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) | il 6 | 1.0 | in cultured vsmc angiotensin ii induced jak/stat signalling and synthesis of il 6 interleukin 6 were p47 dependent [ 34 ]. |
| 14874 | NOX5 | NADPH oxidase, EF-hand calcium binding domain 5 | nadph oxidase | 1.0 | downstream of kinase activation and/or changes in transcription factor activity nadph oxidase dependent signalling alters the transcription of many genes. |
| 2500 | CTGF | connective tissue growth factor | connective tissue growth factor | 1.0 | for example chronic infusion of angiotensin ii in mice induces an increase in the myocardial expression of connective tissue growth factor pro collagen 1 pro collagen 3 and fibronectin mrnas all of which are dependent on nox2 since these changes are inhibited in nox2 deficient animals [ 32 ]. |
| 333 | AGT | angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8) | angiotensin ii | 1.0 | for example chronic infusion of angiotensin ii in mice induces an increase in the myocardial expression of connective tissue growth factor pro collagen 1 pro collagen 3 and fibronectin mrnas all of which are dependent on nox2 since these changes |
| 14874 | NOX5 | NADPH oxidase, EF-hand calcium binding domain 5 | nadph oxidase | 1.0 | an intriguing question in the field for several years has been the mechanisms through which nadph oxidase dependent redox signalling achieves the required specificity. |
| 14874 | NOX5 | NADPH oxidase, EF-hand calcium binding domain 5 | nadph oxidase | 1.0 | one important mechanism may involve the interaction of oxidase subunits such as p47 and rac with non oxidase proteins serving to spatially confine nadph oxidase derived ros signals in the vicinity of signalling targets. |
| 12731 | WAS | Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (eczema-thrombocytopenia) | wiskott aldrich syndrome | 1.0 | for example vegf induced jnk activation and membrane ruffle formation in endothelial cells were found to involve interaction of p47 with wave1 [wasp wiskott aldrich syndrome protein verprolin homologous 1] an important regulator of the cytoskeleton; the wave1 dependent complex also contained rac1 and the kinase pak1 [ 37 ]. |
| 12731 | WAS | Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (eczema-thrombocytopenia) | wiskott aldrich syndrome protein | 1.0 | for example vegf induced jnk activation and membrane ruffle formation in endothelial cells were found to involve interaction of p47 with wave1 [wasp wiskott aldrich syndrome protein verprolin homologous 1] an important regulator of the cytoskeleton; the wave1 dependent complex also contained rac1 and the kinase pak1 [ 37 ]. |
| 12034 | TRAF4 | TNF receptor-associated factor 4 | tnf receptor associated factor 4 | 1.0 | in human microvascular endothelial cells tnf a induced ros dependent activation of erk1/2 required the association of phosphorylated p47 with the signalling molecule traf 4 tnf receptor associated factor 4 [ 25 ]. |
| 333 | AGT | angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8) | angiotensin ii | 1.0 | in vsmc angiotensin ii stimulated oxidase activation and downstream phosphorylation of p38 mapk and jnk involved an interaction of p47 with cytoskeletal elements [ 38 ]. |
| 6110 | IQGAP1 | IQ motif containing GTPase activating protein 1 | iq motif containing gtpase activating protein 1 | 1.0 | in endothelial cells induced to migrate in response to vegf the interaction of nox2 and rac1 with the molecule iqgap1 iq motif containing gtpase activating protein 1 was found to be critical [ 39 ]. |
| 5992 | IL1B | interleukin 1, beta | il 1 | 1.0 | recently it was also shown that in response to il 1 b stimulation of mcf 7 epithelial cells nox2 was internalized in endosomes in a rac1 dependent manner together with the il receptor and that h 2 o 2 generation within the endosomes played a critical |
| 14874 | NOX5 | NADPH oxidase, EF-hand calcium binding domain 5 | nadph oxidase | 1.0 | key words: angiotensin cardiovascular system nadph oxidase oxidative stress reactive oxygen species redox signalling. |
| 9393 | PRKCA | protein kinase C, alpha | protein kinase c | 1.0 | ase; mapk mitogen activated protein kinase; mmp matrix metalloproteinase; nox n adph ox idase; noxa1 nox a ctivator 1; noxo1 nox o rganizer 1; nf k b nuclear factor k b; pak p21 activated kinase; pkc protein kinase c; ros reactive oxygen species; stat signal transducer and activator of transcription; tnf a tumour necrosis factor a ; tgf b transforming growth factor b ; vegf vascular endothelial growth factor; vsm |
| 3796 | FOS | v-fos FBJ murine osteosarcoma viral oncogene homolog | activator protein 1 | 1.0 | abbreviations used: ap 1 activator protein 1; erk extracellular signal regulated kinase; il interleukin; jak janus kinase; mapk mitogen activated protein kinase; mmp matrix metalloproteinase; nox n adph ox idase; noxa1 nox a ctivator 1; noxo1 n |
| 6871 | MAPK1 | mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 | extracellular signal regulated kinase | 1.0 | abbreviations used: ap 1 activator protein 1; erk extracellular signal regulated kinase; il interleukin; jak janus kinase; mapk mitogen activated protein kinase; mmp matrix metalloproteinase; nox n adph ox idase; noxa1 nox a ctivator 1; noxo1 nox o rganizer 1; nf k b nuclear factor k b; |
| 3796 | FOS | v-fos FBJ murine osteosarcoma viral oncogene homolog | ap 1 | 1.0 | abbreviations used: ap 1 activator protein 1; erk extracellular signal regulated kinase; il interleukin; jak janus kinase; mapk mitogen activated protein kinase; mmp matrix metalloproteinase; nox n adph ox idase; noxa1 nox a |
| 12680 | VEGFA | vascular endothelial growth factor A | vascular endothelial growth factor | 1.0 | activated kinase; pkc protein kinase c; ros reactive oxygen species; stat signal transducer and activator of transcription; tnf a tumour necrosis factor a ; tgf b transforming growth factor b ; vegf vascular endothelial growth factor; vsmc vascular smooth muscle cell; wave1 wasp wiskott aldrich syndrome protein verprolin homologous 1. |
| 11765 | TGFA | transforming growth factor, alpha | transforming growth factor | 1.0 | ; nf k b nuclear factor k b; pak p21 activated kinase; pkc protein kinase c; ros reactive oxygen species; stat signal transducer and activator of transcription; tnf a tumour necrosis factor a ; tgf b transforming growth factor b ; vegf vascular endothelial growth factor; vsmc vascular smooth muscle cell; wave1 wasp wiskott aldrich syndrome protein verprolin homologous 1. |
| 12731 | WAS | Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (eczema-thrombocytopenia) | wiskott aldrich syndrome | 1.0 | transducer and activator of transcription; tnf a tumour necrosis factor a ; tgf b transforming growth factor b ; vegf vascular endothelial growth factor; vsmc vascular smooth muscle cell; wave1 wasp wiskott aldrich syndrome protein verprolin homologous 1. |
| 12731 | WAS | Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (eczema-thrombocytopenia) | wiskott aldrich syndrome protein | 1.0 | transducer and activator of transcription; tnf a tumour necrosis factor a ; tgf b transforming growth factor b ; vegf vascular endothelial growth factor; vsmc vascular smooth muscle cell; wave1 wasp wiskott aldrich syndrome protein verprolin homologous 1. |