Document Information


PMID 11937300  (  )
Title Genetic control of neutrophil superoxide production in diabetes-resistant ALR/Lt mice.
Abstract The neutrophil oxidative burst reaction differentiates ALR/Lt mice, known for an unusual systemic elevation of antioxidant defenses, from ALS/Lt mice, a related strain known for reduced ability to withstand oxidative stress. Neutrophils from marrow of ALS mice produced a normal neutrophil oxidative burst following phorbol ester stimulation. In contrast, ALR mice exhibited a markedly suppressed superoxide burst. F1 progeny from reciprocal outcrosses between ALR and ALS mice exhibited an intermediate burst level, higher than ALR but significantly lower than ALS. To elucidate the genetic basis for this strain difference, F1 mice were backcrossed to ALS mice, and marrow neutrophils isolated from the progeny were phenotyped for oxidative burst capacity. A genome-wide sweep using polymorphic markers distinguishing the two parental strains was performed to map the trait. A 1:1 phenotypic distribution was observed, and a locus (Suppressor of superoxide production, Susp) controlling this phenotype was mapped to Chromosome 3 near D3Mit241 at 33.1 cM. This locus probably represents an important regulatory element in the overall ALR strain resistance to oxidative stress, since diminished ability to mount a neutrophil burst in backcross segregants correlated with elevated hepatic superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) activity, an ALR strain characteristic.

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Targets by SciMiner Summary

HUGO ID Symbol Target Name #Occur ActualStr
11179SOD1superoxide dismutase 1, soluble (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 1 (adult))26superoxide dismutase 1 | SOD1 | SOD | SOD1-specific |
14874NOX5NADPH oxidase, EF-hand calcium binding domain 510nadph oxidase |
2577CYBAcytochrome b-245, alpha polypeptide9p22 phox |
6871MAPK1mitogen-activated protein kinase 16p40 | p38 |
7661NCF2neutrophil cytosolic factor 2 (65kDa, chronic granulomatous disease, autosomal 2)5p67 phox |
2578CYBBcytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide (chronic granulomatous disease)4gp91 phox |
9802RAC2ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2 (rho family, small GTP binding protein Rac2)4rac2 |
6876MAPK14mitogen-activated protein kinase 144p38 map kinase |
6735LYNv-yes-1 Yamaguchi sarcoma viral related oncogene homolog3lyn |
1516CATcatalase3catalase |
3483ETFDHelectron-transferring-flavoprotein dehydrogenase2Etfdh | ETFDH |
6149ITGAMintegrin, alpha M (complement component 3 receptor 3 subunit)2mac 1 | Mac-1 |
5969IL12Ainterleukin 12A (natural killer cell stimulatory factor 1, cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor 1, p35)2Il12a | interleukin 12a |
6081INSinsulin2insulin |
700ARNTaryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator2aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator | Arnt |
6019IL6Rinterleukin 6 receptor2Il6ra | interleukin 6 receptor |
10486S100A1S100 calcium binding protein A11S100 |
4623GSRglutathione reductase1glutathione reductase |
9855RAP1ARAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family1Rap1a |
7662NCF4neutrophil cytosolic factor 4, 40kDa1p40 |

 


Targets by SciMiner Full list

HUGO ID Symbol Name ActualStr Score FlankingText
11179SOD1superoxide dismutase 1, soluble (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 1 (adult))SOD12.2backcross segregants correlated with elevated hepatic superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) SOD1 activity an ALR strain characteristic
11179SOD1superoxide dismutase 1, soluble (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 1 (adult))SOD2.2of glutathione peroxidase glutathione reductase catalase total superoxide dismutase (SOD), SOD and SOD1 were measured in multiple tissues including liver spleen
11179SOD1superoxide dismutase 1, soluble (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 1 (adult))SOD12.2peroxidase glutathione reductase catalase total superoxide dismutase (SOD), SOD and SOD1 were measured in multiple tissues including liver spleen kidney pancreas
11179SOD1superoxide dismutase 1, soluble (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 1 (adult))SOD2.2from ALS/Lt ALS Lt mice is a systemic increase in SOD activity that includes lymphoid tissue
9802RAC2ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2 (rho family, small GTP binding protein Rac2)rac20.3NADPH oxidase system components (gp91, gp91 p22 p47 p67 and rac2
2577CYBAcytochrome b-245, alpha polypeptidep220.0differences in levels of NADPH oxidase system components (gp91, gp91 p22 p47 p67 and rac2
7661NCF2neutrophil cytosolic factor 2 (65kDa, chronic granulomatous disease, autosomal 2)p670.1levels of NADPH oxidase system components (gp91, gp91 p22 p47 p67 and rac2
11179SOD1superoxide dismutase 1, soluble (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 1 (adult))SOD12.2burst correlated with ALR-like elevated hepatic superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) SOD1 activity we infer that Susp controls in part the systemic
6149ITGAMintegrin, alpha M (complement component 3 receptor 3 subunit)Mac-12.5M1 70 PharMingen for the 170-kKa _amp_#x3b1 M chain of Mac-1 for 30 min at 4_amp_#xb0 C
7662NCF4neutrophil cytosolic factor 4, 40kDap401.1antibodies (1:1000 1 1000 dilution for the oxidase proteins including p40 phox p47 phox p67 phox gp91 phox and p22 phox
2577CYBAcytochrome b-245, alpha polypeptidep220.0including p40 phox p47 phox p67 phox gp91 phox and p22 phox
6871MAPK1mitogen-activated protein kinase 1p401.1Antibodies to p47 phox p67 phox p40 phox gp91 phox and p22 phox were generous gifts from
2577CYBAcytochrome b-245, alpha polypeptidep220.0to p47 phox p67 phox p40 phox gp91 phox and p22 phox were generous gifts from Dr T Leto (NIH, NIH
9802RAC2ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2 (rho family, small GTP binding protein Rac2)rac20.3In addition antibodies against lyn rac2 and p38 map kinase were also used
6871MAPK1mitogen-activated protein kinase 1p380.8In addition antibodies against lyn rac2 and p38 map kinase were also used
6735LYNv-yes-1 Yamaguchi sarcoma viral related oncogene homologlyn0.2In addition antibodies against lyn rac2 and p38 map kinase were also used
11179SOD1superoxide dismutase 1, soluble (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 1 (adult))SOD12.2The activity of the antioxidant enzyme SOD1 was measured in liver
11179SOD1superoxide dismutase 1, soluble (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 1 (adult))SOD2.2was then assayed with a BIOXYTECH SOD-525 Spectrophotometric Assay for SOD Activity according to the supplier_amp_#x2019 s directions (OXIS OXIS Health
11179SOD1superoxide dismutase 1, soluble (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 1 (adult))SOD1-specific2.2Absorbance of the SOD1-specific chromopore was read at 525 nm in a SpectraMax Microplate
6871MAPK1mitogen-activated protein kinase 1p401.1densitometric analysis of Western blots made using antibodies specific for p40 phox p47 phox p67 phox gp91 phox and p22 phox
9802RAC2ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2 (rho family, small GTP binding protein Rac2)rac20.3for the activation of the NADPH oxidase (e.g., e.g. lyn rac2 and p38 map kinase showed no differences between the superoxide
6871MAPK1mitogen-activated protein kinase 1p380.8activation of the NADPH oxidase (e.g., e.g. lyn rac2 and p38 map kinase showed no differences between the superoxide burst-suppressing ALR/Lt
2577CYBAcytochrome b-245, alpha polypeptidep220.0for p40 phox p47 phox p67 phox gp91 phox and p22 phox as well as for molecules involved in signaling for
6735LYNv-yes-1 Yamaguchi sarcoma viral related oncogene homologlyn0.2signaling for the activation of the NADPH oxidase (e.g., e.g. lyn rac2 and p38 map kinase showed no differences between the
11179SOD1superoxide dismutase 1, soluble (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 1 (adult))SOD12.2SOD1 activity
11179SOD1superoxide dismutase 1, soluble (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 1 (adult))SOD12.2SOD1 (Cu/Zn-SOD) Cu Zn-SOD activity in the liver was measured to
11179SOD1superoxide dismutase 1, soluble (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 1 (adult))SOD12.2The results of the SOD1 assay revealed that the ALS strain had significantly lower levels
11179SOD1superoxide dismutase 1, soluble (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 1 (adult))SOD12.2The F1 mice in this study possessed an intermediate SOD1 activity ( Fig 5
11179SOD1superoxide dismutase 1, soluble (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 1 (adult))SOD12.2superoxide burst activity (ALS-like) ALS-like had a correspondingly lower hepatic SOD1 activity than did those segregants with a suppressed superoxide burst
11179SOD1superoxide dismutase 1, soluble (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 1 (adult))SOD12.2When SOD1 activity data were stratified according to _amp_#x201c ALS-like_amp_#x201d versus _amp_#x201c
11179SOD1superoxide dismutase 1, soluble (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 1 (adult))SOD12.2However individual hepatic SOD1 activities in the BC mice were more continuously distributed than
11179SOD1superoxide dismutase 1, soluble (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 1 (adult))SOD12.2phenotype of ALR/Lt ALR Lt did correlate inversely with hepatic SOD1 activity
11179SOD1superoxide dismutase 1, soluble (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 1 (adult))SOD2.2Elevated hepatic and pancreatic superoxide dismutase total activity and cytosolic SOD (SOD1, SOD1 copper-zinc activity distinguished ALR from ALS 3 and
11179SOD1superoxide dismutase 1, soluble (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 1 (adult))SOD12.2and pancreatic superoxide dismutase total activity and cytosolic SOD (SOD1, SOD1 copper-zinc activity distinguished ALR from ALS 3 and 4
11179SOD1superoxide dismutase 1, soluble (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 1 (adult))SOD2.2SOD converts the superoxide anion and water to hydrogen peroxide
11179SOD1superoxide dismutase 1, soluble (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 1 (adult))SOD12.2free radicals as evidenced by the correlation to increased hepatic SOD1 activity
3483ETFDHelectron-transferring-flavoprotein dehydrogenaseEtfdh0.5This is Etfdh currently positioned at 31.8 cM on Chr 3 1.2 cM
3483ETFDHelectron-transferring-flavoprotein dehydrogenaseETFDH0.5This gene encodes the electron transport flavoprotein-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (ETFDH) ETFDH
9855RAP1ARAP1A, member of RAS oncogene familyRap1a0.6Another interesting candidate gene is the RAS-related protein 1 ( Rap1a specifying one of the components of the NADPH oxidase 11
5969IL12Ainterleukin 12A (natural killer cell stimulatory factor 1, cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor 1, p35)Il12a0.9genes in the region of linkage are interleukin 12a ( Il12a and interleukin 6 receptor a ( Il6ra
6019IL6Rinterleukin 6 receptorIl6ra2.6interleukin 12a ( Il12a and interleukin 6 receptor a ( Il6ra
10486S100A1S100 calcium binding protein A1S1001.9candidates are the genes encoding the calcium binding protein subfamily S100
700ARNTaryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocatorArnt2.5Lastly the gene encoding aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator ( Arnt could also be a candidate gene as its expression is
6871MAPK1mitogen-activated protein kinase 1p401.110 5 cells were used in immunoblot analysis to detect p40 phox p47 phox p67 phox p22 phox and gp91 phox
9802RAC2ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2 (rho family, small GTP binding protein Rac2)rac20.3phox p47 phox p67 phox p22 phox and gp91 phox rac2 lyn and p38 map kinase 8
6871MAPK1mitogen-activated protein kinase 1p380.8p67 phox p22 phox and gp91 phox rac2 lyn and p38 map kinase 8
2577CYBAcytochrome b-245, alpha polypeptidep220.0immunoblot analysis to detect p40 phox p47 phox p67 phox p22 phox and gp91 phox rac2 lyn and p38 map kinase
6735LYNv-yes-1 Yamaguchi sarcoma viral related oncogene homologlyn0.3p47 phox p67 phox p22 phox and gp91 phox rac2 lyn and p38 map kinase 8
11179SOD1superoxide dismutase 1, soluble (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 1 (adult))SOD12.2High SOD1 activity levels correlate well with suppressed neutrophil superoxide burst
11179SOD1superoxide dismutase 1, soluble (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 1 (adult))SOD1-specific2.2Absorbance of the SOD1-specific chromopore was read at 525 nm
11179SOD1superoxide dismutase 1, soluble (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 1 (adult))superoxide dismutase 11.0 an important regulatory element in the overall alr strain resistance to oxidative stress since diminished ability to mount a neutrophil burst in backcross segregants correlated with elevated hepatic superoxide dismutase 1 sod1 activity an alr strain characteristic.
6081INSinsulininsulin1.0alloxan al is a potent diabetogen destroying pancreatic beta cells via generation of intracellular hydroxyl radicals and producing insulin dependent diabetes within 48 h after administration [ 1 ].
4623GSRglutathione reductaseglutathione reductase1.0higher levels of glutathione peroxidase glutathione reductase catalase total superoxide dismutase sod and sod1 were measured in multiple tissues including liver spleen kidney pancreas and pancreatic islets [ 3 and 4 ].
1516CATcatalasecatalase1.0higher levels of glutathione peroxidase glutathione reductase catalase total superoxide dismutase sod and sod1 were measured in multiple tissues including liver spleen kidney pancreas and pancreatic islets [ 3 and 4 ].
11179SOD1superoxide dismutase 1, soluble (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 1 (adult))superoxide dismutase1.0higher levels of glutathione peroxidase glutathione reductase catalase total superoxide dismutase sod and sod1 were measured in multiple tissues including liver spleen kidney pancreas and pancreatic islets [ 3 and 4 ].
6081INSinsulininsulin1.0 al induced diabetes to map genes conferring resistance to free radical diabetogenic stress was uncovered by our discovery that al untreated als/lt male mice were prone to spontaneously develop a non insulin dependent diabetes [ 5 ].
14874NOX5NADPH oxidase, EF-hand calcium binding domain 5nadph oxidase1.0neutrophils generate high levels of superoxide through nadph oxidase activation in response to bacterial cell wall components such as lipopolysaccharides lps or phorbol esters such as phorbol 12 myristate 13 acetate pma .
14874NOX5NADPH oxidase, EF-hand calcium binding domain 5nadph oxidase1.0increases in antioxidant status decrease superoxide generation by the nadph oxidase system [ 6 ] while increases of pro oxidant status increase the activity of the nadph oxidase [ 7 ].
14874NOX5NADPH oxidase, EF-hand calcium binding domain 5nadph oxidase1.0however western blot analysis revealed no differences in levels of nadph oxidase system components gp91 p22 p47 p67 and rac2 .
11179SOD1superoxide dismutase 1, soluble (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 1 (adult))superoxide dismutase 11.0because suppression of the normal neutrophil burst correlated with alr like elevated hepatic superoxide dismutase 1 sod1 activity we infer that susp controls in part the systemic ability of the alr/lt to dissipate oxidative stress.
6149ITGAMintegrin, alpha M (complement component 3 receptor 3 subunit)mac 11.0clone rb6 8c5 for the cell surface proteins gr1 fitc clone rb6 8c5 pharmingen san diego ca usa and with allophycocyanin apc labeled m1/70 clone m1/70 pharmingen for the 170 kka _amp_#x3b1; m chain of mac 1 for 30 min at 4_amp_#xb0;c.
14874NOX5NADPH oxidase, EF-hand calcium binding domain 5nadph oxidase1.0immunoblotting was performed to detect components of the nadph oxidase complex and other proteins that may be involved in the signal transduction leading to superoxide production by neutrophils.
7661NCF2neutrophil cytosolic factor 2 (65kDa, chronic granulomatous disease, autosomal 2)p67 phox1.0proteins were transferred to nitrocellulose membranes biorad hercules ca usa and probed with antibodies 1:1000 dilution for the oxidase proteins including p40 phox p47 phox p67 phox gp91 phox and p22 phox .
2578CYBBcytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide (chronic granulomatous disease)gp91 phox1.0proteins were transferred to nitrocellulose membranes biorad hercules ca usa and probed with antibodies 1:1000 dilution for the oxidase proteins including p40 phox p47 phox p67 phox gp91 phox and p22 phox .
2577CYBAcytochrome b-245, alpha polypeptidep22 phox1.0proteins were transferred to nitrocellulose membranes biorad hercules ca usa and probed with antibodies 1:1000 dilution for the oxidase proteins including p40 phox p47 phox p67 phox gp91 phox and p22 phox .
7661NCF2neutrophil cytosolic factor 2 (65kDa, chronic granulomatous disease, autosomal 2)p67 phox1.0antibodies to p47 phox p67 phox p40 phox gp91 phox and p22 phox were generous gifts from dr. t. leto nih bethesda md usa and dr. m. dineauer indiana university bloomington in usa respectively [ 8 ].
2578CYBBcytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide (chronic granulomatous disease)gp91 phox1.0antibodies to p47 phox p67 phox p40 phox gp91 phox and p22 phox were generous gifts from dr. t. leto nih bethesda md usa and dr. m. dineauer indiana university bloomington in usa respectively [ 8 ].
2577CYBAcytochrome b-245, alpha polypeptidep22 phox1.0antibodies to p47 phox p67 phox p40 phox gp91 phox and p22 phox were generous gifts from dr. t. leto nih bethesda md usa and dr. m. dineauer indiana university bloomington in usa respectively [ 8 ].
6876MAPK14mitogen-activated protein kinase 14p38 map kinase1.0in addition antibodies against lyn rac2 and p38 map kinase were also used.
6876MAPK14mitogen-activated protein kinase 14p38 map kinase1.0anti p38 map kinase antibodies and anti tyrosine kinase lyn antibodies were obtained from new england biolabs beverly ma usa and the anti rac2 antibody from santa cruz laboratory santa cruz ca usa .
14874NOX5NADPH oxidase, EF-hand calcium binding domain 5nadph oxidase1.0this inability of alr/lt neutrophils to express a robust pma stimulated superoxide burst was not due to absence of the major components of the nadph oxidase machinery required for superoxide generation.
7661NCF2neutrophil cytosolic factor 2 (65kDa, chronic granulomatous disease, autosomal 2)p67 phox1.0as shown in fig. 2 densitometric analysis of western blots made using antibodies specific for p40 phox p47 phox p67 phox gp91 phox and p22 phox as well as for molecules involved in signaling for the activation of the nadph oxidase e.g. lyn rac2 and p38 map kinase showed no differences between the superoxide burst suppr
2578CYBBcytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide (chronic granulomatous disease)gp91 phox1.0as shown in fig. 2 densitometric analysis of western blots made using antibodies specific for p40 phox p47 phox p67 phox gp91 phox and p22 phox as well as for molecules involved in signaling for the activation of the nadph oxidase e.g. lyn rac2 and p38 map kinase showed no differences between the superoxide burst suppressing alr
14874NOX5NADPH oxidase, EF-hand calcium binding domain 5nadph oxidase1.02 densitometric analysis of western blots made using antibodies specific for p40 phox p47 phox p67 phox gp91 phox and p22 phox as well as for molecules involved in signaling for the activation of the nadph oxidase e.g. lyn rac2 and p38 map kinase showed no differences between the superoxide burst suppressing alr/lt strain and the normal burst generating als/lt strain.
6876MAPK14mitogen-activated protein kinase 14p38 map kinase1.0ern blots made using antibodies specific for p40 phox p47 phox p67 phox gp91 phox and p22 phox as well as for molecules involved in signaling for the activation of the nadph oxidase e.g. lyn rac2 and p38 map kinase showed no differences between the superoxide burst suppressing alr/lt strain and the normal burst generating als/lt strain.
2577CYBAcytochrome b-245, alpha polypeptidep22 phox1.0as shown in fig. 2 densitometric analysis of western blots made using antibodies specific for p40 phox p47 phox p67 phox gp91 phox and p22 phox as well as for molecules involved in signaling for the activation of the nadph oxidase e.g. lyn rac2 and p38 map kinase showed no differences between the superoxide burst suppressing alr/lt strain an
14874NOX5NADPH oxidase, EF-hand calcium binding domain 5nadph oxidase1.0we have shown that this suppressed burst in alr was not due to a defect in the nadph oxidase machinery nor was it due to fewer neutrophils in the bone marrow of alr as compared to als.
14874NOX5NADPH oxidase, EF-hand calcium binding domain 5nadph oxidase1.0this finding in combination with demonstration of a seemingly intact nadph oxidase system suggests that the superoxide radical may be generated followed pma activation but rapidly dissipated enzymatically.
11179SOD1superoxide dismutase 1, soluble (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 1 (adult))superoxide dismutase1.0elevated hepatic and pancreatic superoxide dismutase [total activity and cytosolic sod sod1 copper zinc activity] distinguished alr from als [ 3 and 4 ].
1516CATcatalasecatalase1.0this peroxide is then converted to h 2 o by catalase in the cytosol or by gsh utilizing glutathione peroxidase gpx in the mitochondria.
1516CATcatalasecatalase1.0comparable catalase activity was observed in all tissues of both strains including low activity in whole pancreas of als.
14874NOX5NADPH oxidase, EF-hand calcium binding domain 5nadph oxidase1.0another interesting candidate gene is the ras related protein 1 rap1a specifying one of the components of the nadph oxidase [ 11 ].
5969IL12Ainterleukin 12A (natural killer cell stimulatory factor 1, cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor 1, p35)interleukin 12a1.0two other possible candidate genes in the region of linkage are interleukin 12a il12a and interleukin 6 receptor a il6ra .
6019IL6Rinterleukin 6 receptorinterleukin 6 receptor1.0two other possible candidate genes in the region of linkage are interleukin 12a il12a and interleukin 6 receptor a il6ra .
700ARNTaryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocatoraryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator1.0lastly the gene encoding aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator arnt could also be a candidate gene as its expression is stimulated by stress to the cell [ 15 ].
14874NOX5NADPH oxidase, EF-hand calcium binding domain 5nadph oxidase1.0expression of nadph oxidase components in bone marrow cells from als/lt and alr/lt mice.
7661NCF2neutrophil cytosolic factor 2 (65kDa, chronic granulomatous disease, autosomal 2)p67 phox1.0bone marrow cells 6 _amp_#xd7; 10 5 cells were used in immunoblot analysis to detect p40 phox p47 phox p67 phox p22 phox and gp91 phox rac2 lyn and p38 map kinase [ 8 ].
2578CYBBcytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide (chronic granulomatous disease)gp91 phox1.0bone marrow cells 6 _amp_#xd7; 10 5 cells were used in immunoblot analysis to detect p40 phox p47 phox p67 phox p22 phox and gp91 phox rac2 lyn and p38 map kinase [ 8 ].
6876MAPK14mitogen-activated protein kinase 14p38 map kinase1.0bone marrow cells 6 _amp_#xd7; 10 5 cells were used in immunoblot analysis to detect p40 phox p47 phox p67 phox p22 phox and gp91 phox rac2 lyn and p38 map kinase [ 8 ].
2577CYBAcytochrome b-245, alpha polypeptidep22 phox1.0bone marrow cells 6 _amp_#xd7; 10 5 cells were used in immunoblot analysis to detect p40 phox p47 phox p67 phox p22 phox and gp91 phox rac2 lyn and p38 map kinase [ 8 ].